以空中风力发电系统（AWES）可捕获的风能为研究对象,采用2012—2021年ERA5再分析资料,对全国范围内300~3000 m之间风速和风功率密度的空间分布、随高度变化、季节变化和日内变化等特征进行分析并按七大区域进行统计。研究结果显示：高风速区与高海拔区域的空间分布基本一致,风速和风功率密度随高度上升持续增大,东北、华北、西北等“三北”区域的风廓线形态更适宜开发高空风能资源;风速和风功率密度的季节变幅随高度升高而有所增大,但变化曲线形态逐渐趋同;风速的日内变化幅度逐渐降低,区域之间的差异也在缩小。研究表明,切风型AWES系统的风能利用潜力低于其他AWES形式,对于中国现有的空域使用情况,采用切风型AWES系统开发高空风能时,建议规划比其他AWES形式更高的运行高度。
Abstract
Focusing on the high-altitude wind energy that could be captured by the Airborne Wind Energy System （AWES）, the spatial and temporal characteristics of wind speed and wind power density from 300 m to 3000 m above ground are analyzed and compared between seven regions for China with the ERA5 reanalysis data. The results show that the spatial distribution of high wind speed area and high altitude area basically overlap. Wind speed and wind power density continue to increase with the rise of height and the wind profile of Northeast China, North China, Northwest China are more suitable for exploiting high-altitude wind resources. The seasonal variations of wind speed and wind power density also increase with the rise of height. While the daily variation of wind speed gradually decreases and the inter-regional differences narrow. This work suggests that the wind energy utilization potential of the cross-wind mode AWES is lower than other kind of AWES. It is necessary to plan for a higher operating altitude for cross-wind mode AWES in considering of the existing status of airspace utilization in China.
关键词
风能 /
风电场 /
大气边界层 /
质量控制 /
再分析资料
Key words
wind energy /
wind farm /
atmospheric boundary layer /
quality control /
reanalysis data
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基金
中国能源建设股份有限公司重大科技项目（CEEC-KJZX-03）
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