面向储能和减碳需求,以麦秸和木屑为原料,研究风电耦合生物质制甲醇技术,分析甲醇产率、储能-释能效率（即储释效率）生命周期碳排放以及甲醇纯发电和热电联产模式的差异。不分离产物气CO2时,仅CO2和CO单程转化率对甲醇产率有明显的影响,其值在0.970~1.104 kg/kg之间。电解水效率是提升储释效率的关键参数。热电联产模式的储释效率和碳排放均明显优于纯发电模式。前者模式的储释效率范围为46.1%~58.6%,接近压缩空气储能;再生电能和热能的碳排放强度范围分别为37~77 g CO2/kWh和10~21 g CO2/MJ,均大幅低于相应产品的当前碳排放水平。以木屑为原料的碳排放大幅低于以麦秸为原料的碳排放。通过捕集产物气CO2,甲醇产率、绿电功耗和储释效率降低,但能够实现生命周期零碳排放。
Abstract
Facing the demands of energy storage and decarbonization, the technology of methanol production from biomass coupled with wind power was studied using wheat straw and sawdust as feedstock. The performances were analyzed and evaluated including the methanol yield, the energy efficiency of storage-release processes （i.e., storage-release efficiency）, the life cycle carbon emissions, and the differences between power generation model and cogeneration mode for methanol utilization. Without the separation of CO2 in product gas, only the one-way conversion rates of CO2 and CO have obvious impacts on the methanol yield, ranging from 0.970 to 1.104 kg/kg. The efficiency of water electrolysis is the key parameter to improve the storage-release efficiency. Both storage-release efficiency and carbon emission intensity under the cogeneration mode have significantly advantages over those under pure power generation mode. Under the cogeneration mode, the storage-release efficiency varies from 46.1% to 58.6%, which is similar to that of the compressed air energy storage. The ranges of carbon emission intensity of the regenerated electricity and thermal energy are 37-77 g CO2/kWh and 10-21 g CO2/MJ, respectively, which are significantly lower than the current levels of the products. The carbon emission intensities with sawdust as feedstock are significantly lower than those with wheat straw. This technology with separation and capture of CO2 in product gas can achieve the zero-carbon emission in the life span at the cost of decreases in the methanol yield, power rate, and storage-release efficiency.
关键词
甲醇 /
电解 /
生物质 /
储释效率 /
零碳排放
Key words
methanol /
electrolysis /
biomass /
storage-release efficiency /
zero carbon emission
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