以畸形波为代表的极端波浪对海上风力机组基础的安全性具有潜在的威胁,该文以上海东海大桥海上风电示范项目中3 MW装机容量的海上风力机组高承台群桩基础为研究对象,首先利用Fluent软件建立规则波与海上风力机组高承台群桩基础的作用模型,并与已有的实验结果进行比较以验证数值模拟结果的可靠性,进而以畸形波作为入射波浪条件模拟其对高承台群桩基础的冲击作用,并与规则波冲击结果进行比较以对比两种入射波条件下的作用异同。研究表明,采用数值模拟方法得到的承台波浪载荷比Morison方法更接近真实的物理模型试验结果;在实验组次相同的条件下,数值模拟结果误差比规范结果误差最多小39%,说明数值模拟方法结果更加适用;同尺度条件下畸形波产生的峰值波浪载荷可达到规则波力的2.2倍,因而未充分考虑极端波浪载荷的海洋工程基础结构将更具危险性。
Abstract
Extreme waves represented by abnormal waves have a potential threat to the safety of offshore wind turbine foundation. This article will focus on the high platform pile foundation of a 3 MW offshore wind turbine in the Donghai Bridge offshore wind power demonstration project, and firstly FLUENT software is used to establish the interaction model between regular waves and the pile foundation of offshore wind turbines with high bearing platforms, and the numerical simulation results are compared and verified with existing experimental results to verify the reliability of the numerical simulation results. Then, abnormal waves are used as incident wave conditions to simulate their impact on the pile foundation of high bearing platforms and compared with the impact results of regular waves to compare the differences and similarities between the two incident wave conditions. Results show that the wave loads obtained by the numerical simulation method are much closer to the laboratory results than those from the MORISON method. For the same experimental cases, the errors of numerical simulations are up to 39% smaller than those of the relevant technical specifications, and this indicates that the numerical simulation method is more applicable. For the same scale conditions, the wave peak loads generated by abnormal waves can reach 2.2 times the regular wave forces, so the coastal engineering structures without fully considering the extreme wave load will be more dangerous.
关键词
海上风力机组 /
极端波浪 /
畸形波 /
波浪载荷 /
高承台群桩基础
Key words
offshore wind turbines /
extreme waves /
abnormal waves /
wave loads /
high platform pile foundation
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基金
国家自然科学基金（41976014）; 国家重点研发计划（2022FY202404）; 广东省自然科学基金（2018A030313191; 2018A030313962）
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