为研究斜坡地形对光伏组件风振特性影响,基于流固耦合（FSI）方法开展光伏阵列风致响应的数值模拟研究,分析光伏阵列流场特征以及光伏组件风振响应模态,揭示位于不同坡度斜坡上的光伏组件在不同离地高度、间距上所表现出的风振特性。结果表明：1）坡面引起气流堵塞,致使光伏组件位移幅值增加,同时也降低光伏阵列中前排光伏组件对后排光伏组件的遮挡效应;2）从流场特征中可看出,迎风前缘的首块光伏组件产生旋涡,脱落于后排区域,致使第2块光伏组件前流场变得复杂,第3块光伏组件周流场则相对稳定,说明越处于下游的光伏组件受流场影响越小;3）光伏组件的振动由低阶振型主导,坡面对后排光伏组件振动有较大影响;4）间距增大对位于坡面上的光伏阵列振动响应有影响,且随着坡角的增大影响更加显著;5）增加坡面上光伏阵列的高度,首块光伏组件位移幅值变化较为明显,其余两块光伏组件影响较小。
Abstract
In order to investigate the influence of sloping landform on the wind-induced vibration characteristics of solar panels, this study conducted a numerical simulation of the wind-induced response of a solar array based on FSI（fluid structure interface）. The flow characteristics of the solar array and the modal response of the solar panels were analyzed, and the wind-induced vibration characteristics of solar panels located on slopes with different inclinations at different heights and spacings were revealed. The results show that： 1） The slope causes airflow blockage, which increases the displacement amplitude of the solar panels, and also reduces the shielding effect of the front-row solar panels on the rear-row solar panels; 2） From the flow characteristics, it can be seen that the first solar panel at the windward edge generates a vortex, which detaches in the rear area, making the flow field in front of the second solar panel complicated, while the flow field around the third solar panel is relatively stable, indicating that the more downstream the solar panel is, the less it is affected by the flow field; 3） The vibration of the solar panels is dominated by low-order modes, and the slope has a significant impact on the vibration of the rear-row solar panels; 4） Increasing the spacing has an impact on the vibration response of the solar array located on the slope, and the impact becomes more significant with the increase of the slope angle; 5） Increasing the height of the solar array on the slope, the displacement amplitude of the first solar panel changes significantly, while the impact on the other two solar panels is relatively small.
关键词
光伏组件 /
地形 /
流固耦合 /
风致振动 /
数值模拟
Key words
solar modules /
landforms /
fluid structure interface /
wind vibration /
numerical simulation
{{custom_sec.title}}
{{custom_sec.title}}
{{custom_sec.content}}
参考文献
[1] 张超, 黄小东, 陶婷, 等. 基于流固耦合模拟的光伏支撑系统风振特性研究[J]. 太阳能学报, 2017, 38(9): 2418-2425.
ZHANG C, HUANG X D, TAO T, et al.Wind vibration characteristics analysis of PV panels bracket system based on FSI simulations[J]. Acta energiae solaris sinica, 2017, 38(9): 2418-2425.
[2] 牛斌, 张超, 侯巍, 等. 基于CFD方法的地面光伏阵列风压时程特性研究[J]. 太阳能学报, 2016, 37(7): 1774-1779.
NIU B, ZHANG C, HOU W, et al.Time history analysis of wind load on arrayed solar panels based on CFD simulations[J]. Acta energiae solaris sinica, 2016, 37(7): 1774-1779.
[3] 马文勇, 柴晓兵, 马成成. 柔性支撑光伏组件风荷载影响因素试验研究[J]. 太阳能学报, 2021, 42(11): 10-18.
MA W Y, CHAI X B, MA C C.Experimental study on wind load influencing factors of flexible support photovoltaic modules[J]. Acta energiae solaris sinica, 2021, 42(11): 10-18.
[4] 马文勇, 孙高健, 刘小兵, 等. 太阳能光伏板风荷载分布模型试验研究[J]. 振动与冲击, 2017, 36(7): 8-13.
MA W Y, SUN G J, LIU X B, et al.Tests for wind load distribution model of solar panels[J]. Journal of vibration and shock, 2017, 36(7): 8-13.
[5] 李晓娜. 太阳能光伏支架风荷载体型系数研究[D]. 石家庄: 铁道大学, 2015.
LI X N.Study on wind load of solar photovoltaic bracket[D]. Shijiazhuang: Tiedao University, 2015.
[6] 柴晓兵. 柔性太阳能光伏支架风荷载取值研究[D]. 石家庄: 铁道大学, 2021.
CHAI X B.Research on wind loads on flexible solar photovoltaic support system[D]. Shijiazhuang: Tiedao University, 2021.
[7] 马文勇, 柴晓兵, 赵怀宇, 等. 基于偏心风荷载分布模型的柔性支撑索分配系数研究[J]. 振动与冲击, 2021, 40(12): 305-310.
MA W Y, CHAI X B, ZHAO H Y, et al.A study on distribution coefficient of a flexible photovoltaic support cable based on an eccentric moment wind load distribution model[J]. Journal of vibration and shock, 2021, 40(12): 305-310.
[8] 郭涛, 杨渊茗, 黄国强, 等. 山区峡谷地形下柔性支撑光伏阵列的风振特性研究[J]. 太阳能学报, 2023, 44(11): 131-140.
GUO T, YANG M H, HUANG G Q, et al.Wind-indeced vibration analysis of flexible photovoltaic support structure under mountain canyon terrain[J]. Acta energiae solaris sinica, 2023, 44(11): 131-140.
[9] 方媛, 何斌. 柔性绳索预拉力作用下太阳能光伏阵列流固耦合颤振特性仿真[C]//中国力学大会论文集(CCTAM 2019). 杭州, 中国, 2019: 2537-2548.
FANG Y, HE B.Fluid-solid coupling flutter characteristics simulation of solar photovoltaic arrays under pre-tensioning of flexible ropes[C]//The Chinese Congress of Theoretical and Applied Mechanics(CCTAM·2019). Hangzhou, China, 2019: 2537-2548.
[10] 周炜, 何斌, 蔡晶, 等. 一类光伏电站架构体系的风荷载特性及折减分析[J]. 结构工程师, 2018, 34(2): 86-94.
ZHOU W, HE B, CAI J, et al.Wind load characteristics and reduction analysis of a structural system of photovoltaic power station[J]. Structural engineers, 2018, 34(2): 86-94.
[11] 阮辉, 廖伟丽, 王康生, 等. 光伏阵列表面风荷载数值研究[J]. 太阳能学报, 2015, 36(4): 871-877.
RUAN H, LIAO W L, WANG K S, et al.Numerical research on surface wind load of PV array[J]. Acta energiae solaris sinica, 2015, 36(4): 871-877.
[12] 杜航. 大跨度柔性光伏支架结构的风致效应及其控制[D]. 杭州: 浙江大学, 2022.
DU H.Wind-induced effects and control of large-span flexible photovoltaic support structures[D]. Hangzhou: Zhejiang University, 2022.
[13] 杜航, 徐海巍, 张跃龙, 等. 大跨柔性光伏支架结构风压特性及风振响应[J]. 哈尔滨工业大学学报, 2022, 54(10): 67-74.
DU H, XU H W, ZHANG Y L, et al.Wind pressure characteristics and wind vibration response of long-span flexible photovoltaic support structure[J]. Journal of Harbin Institute of Technology, 2022, 54(10): 67-74.
[14] 高亮, 窦珍珍, 白桦, 等. 光伏组件风荷载影响因素分析[J]. 太阳能学报, 2016, 37(8): 1931-1937.
GAO L, DOU Z Z, BAI H, et al.Analysis of influence factors for wind lode of PV module[J]. Acta energiae solaris sinica, 2016, 37(8): 1931-1937.
[15] SHADEMAN M, HANGAN H.Wind loading on solar panels at different inclination angles[C]//11th Conference of American Society of Wind Engineers. Puerto Rico, USA, 2009: 22-26.
[16] CAO J X, YOSHIDA A, SAHA P K, et al.Wind loading characteristics of solar arrays mounted on flat roofs[J]. Journal of wind engineering and industrial aerodynamics, 2013, 123: 214-225.
[17] SHADEMAN M, BARRON R M, BALACHANDAR R, et al.Numerical simulation of wind loading on ground-mounted solar panels at different flow configurations[J]. Canadian journal of civil engineering, 2014, 41(8): 728-738.
[18] JUBAYER C M, HANGAN H.Numerical simulation of wind effects on a stand-alone ground mounted photovoltaic (PV) system[J]. Journal of wind engineering and industrial aerodynamics, 2014, 134: 56-64.
基金
国家自然科学基金面上项目（52278479）; 湖南省自然科学基金（2023JJ30016）
PDF(3646 KB)
