采用雷诺时均方法对静止和移动下击暴流风场特性开展研究,分析射流中心移速Vt对下击暴流风场结构的影响,并以NREL 5 MW型风力机为研究对象,研究揭示下击暴流场中风力机周边流场和表面风压特性。结果表明：移速Vt的增大致使风力机周边风速减小而极值增大,涡旋旋向由绕X轴转为锥形斜向下。塔筒压力面、吸力面和叶片压力面风压分别沿圆周或弦长方向呈“山字形”、“倒U形”和“斜倒U形”变化,而叶片吸力面风压基本相同;实际距离l的增大导致风力机压力面风压极值略微增大,两侧和吸力面由正转负,而后均转为0.16的均匀正压。移速Vt的增大将压缩风暴前缘影响区,导致l值相近Vt不同时风压系数均值差异明显。
Abstract
The Reynolds time-averaged method is used to study the characteristics of static and moving downburst wind field, and the influence of jet center movement speed Vt on the structure of downburst wind field is analyzed. Taking NREL 5 MW wind turbine as research object, the characteristics of flow field and surface wind pressure around wind turbine in downburst field are studied and revealed. The results show that the increase of the movement speed Vt causes wind speed around wind turbine to decrease and the extreme value to increase, and the vortex rotation direction changes from around X axis to conical oblique downward. The wind pressure on pressure surface and suction surface of the tower along circumference varies as the shape of "mountain" and "inverted U" respectively. The wind pressure on suction surface of the blades varies along chord length as the shape of "oblique inverted U", while the wind pressure on suction surface of the blades is basically same. The increase of the actual distance l leads to a slight increase in the extreme value of the wind pressure on pressure surface of wind turbine, and the two sides and suction surface change from positive pressure to negative pressure, and then which all turn to a uniform positive pressure with wind coefficient of 0.16. The increase of the movement speed Vt will compress the influence area of the front edge of the storm, resulting in a significant difference in the mean wind coefficient with similar actual distance l and different movement speed Vt.
关键词
下击暴流风 /
移动暴流 /
风力机 /
SST k-ω模型 /
径向距离 /
表面风压
Key words
downburst wind /
moving downburst /
wind turbine /
SST k-ω model /
radial distance /
surface wind pressure
{{custom_sec.title}}
{{custom_sec.title}}
{{custom_sec.content}}
参考文献
[1] 耿涛, 贾凡, 蔡文炬. 人类活动影响20世纪厄尔尼诺-南方涛动变化[J]. 科学通报, 2023, 68(20): 2580-2582.
GENG T, JIA F, CAI W J.Twentieth-century ENSO changes affected by anthropogenic warming[J]. Chinese science bulletin, 2023, 68(20): 2580-2582.
[2] 尉正斌. 下击暴流条件下风力机尾流及载荷特性研究[D]. 兰州: 兰州理工大学, 2021.
WEI Z B.Research on wake and load characteristics of wind turbine under the condition of downburst[D]. Lanzhou: Lanzhou University of Technology, 2021.
[3] 柯世堂, 徐璐, 王同光, 等. 考虑停机位置风力机塔架-叶片耦合体系风致稳定性能分析[J]. 太阳能学报, 2020, 41(1): 264-272.
KE S T, XU L, WANG T G, et al.Analysis of wind-induced stability for tower-blade coupling system of wind turbine considering stopped positions[J]. Acta energiae solaris sinica, 2020, 41(1): 264-272.
[4] 柯世堂, 董依帆. 考虑叶片停机位置大型风力机塔架风-沙致结构响应分析[J]. 振动工程学报, 2021, 34(1): 60-71.
KE S T, DONG Y F.Analysis of wind-sand-induced structural response of large wind turbine considering the position of blades[J]. Journal of vibration engineering, 2021, 34(1): 60-71.
[5] 杨从新, 张志梅, 王强, 等. 风剪切下塔影效应对水平轴风力机叶片及风轮气动载荷的影响[J]. 太阳能学报, 2022, 43(8): 253-259.
YANG C X, ZHANG Z M, WANG Q, et al.Influence of tower shadow effect on aerodynamic load of blade and rotor of horizontal axis wind turbines under wind shear[J]. Acta energiae solaris sinica, 2022, 43(8): 253-259.
[6] ZHANG Y, SARKAR P P, HU H.An experimental investigation on the characteristics of fluid-structure interactions of a wind turbine model sited in microburst-like winds[J]. Journal of fluids and structures, 2015, 57: 206-218.
[7] 刘春城, 查传磊, 孙红运, 等. 下击暴流作用下风力发电机表面风压特性[J]. 中国电机工程学报, 2021, 41(17): 5991-6003.
LIU C C, ZHA C L, SUN H Y, et al.Wind pressure characteristics of wind turbine surface under thunderstorm downburst[J]. Proceedings of the CSEE, 2021, 41(17): 5991-6003.
[8] LIU C C, MA S Y, YAN Z, et al.Wind field and pressure characteristics on wind turbine surface under moving thunderstorms[J]. Energy reports, 2023, 9: 1917-1927.
[9] CHOI E C C. Field measurement and experimental study of wind speed profile during thunderstorms[J]. Journal of wind engineering and industrial aerodynamics, 2004, 92(3/4): 275-290.
[10] 李艺, 黄国庆, 程旭, 等. 移动型下击暴流及其作用下高层建筑风荷载的数值模拟[J]. 工程力学, 2020, 37(3): 176-187.
LI Y, HUANG G Q, CHENG X, et al.The numerical simulation of moving downbursts and their induced wind load on high-rise buildings[J]. Engineering mechanics, 2020, 37(3): 176-187.
[11] CHEN Y, LIU G G, SUN B N.Dynamic response of flat roofs subjected to non-stationary moving microbursts[J]. Engineering applications of computational fluid mechanics, 2013, 7(4): 519-532.
[12] HOLMES J D, OLIVER S E.An empirical model of a downburst[J]. Engineering structures, 2000, 22(9): 1167-1172.
基金
亚热带建筑科学国家重点实验室开放课题（2020ZB24）
PDF(4724 KB)
