针对传统的势流理论无法考虑波流耦合及其与结构物之间相互作用的非线性水动力学问题,建立波流耦合作用下单桩基础水动力数值模型,采用高精度分离涡（DES）方法对流场进行模拟,对不同波、流条件下桩柱更为精准的水动力特性进行分析。研究结果表明：1）无流速下最大水平波浪力随波陡增大呈线性增长,而无因次波浪力随波陡数增加而减小;2）波流同向时,随流速的增大,波浪力谷值增长比峰值增长更为显著,而峰值处相位差较谷值处更为明显;波流反向时,波浪力峰值减小趋势以及相位差更鲜明,压强峰值随流速的变化较小;3）波浪力随波周期的增长而减小,相比相同波高增长率,周期变化对波浪力的影响更为突出;4）桩柱绕流过程中出现破浪破碎现象,两侧产生对称旋涡,绕流导致桩柱前方的高水位堆积,进而导致波浪力曲线呈轻微锯齿状。
Abstract
Addressing the nonlinear hydrodynamics challenge where traditional potential flow theory fails to account for wave-current coupling and its interaction with structures, a numerical model for wave-current coupling was developed specifically for a single-pile foundation （SPF）. The high-precision Detached-Eddy Simulation （DES） method was employed to simulate the flow field, facilitating a more accurate analysis of the hydrodynamic characteristics of the SPF under varying wave and current parameters. The results show that: 1） The maximum horizontal wave force increases linearly with the increase of wave steepness under no current velocity, while the non-dimensional wave force decreases with the increase of wave steepness. 2） When the wave and current are in the same direction, the valley value of the wave force increases more significantly than the peak value with the increase of the velocity. However, the phase difference at the peak value is more obvious than that at the valley value. When the wave and current is reversed, the peak decreasing trend and phase difference of the wave force are more distinct, and the peak pressure changes little with the velocity. 3） The wave force decreases with the growth of the wave period, and compared to the same wave height growth rate, the impact of period changes on wave force is more prominent. 4） In the process of flow around the SPF, there will be breaking phenomenon of waves and symmetrical vortices on both sides of the SPF. The flow around the pile also leads to the accumulation of high water level in front of the pile, resulting in a slightly jagged wave force curve.
关键词
风力机单桩基础 /
分离涡模拟 /
波流耦合 /
相位差 /
水动力特性 /
波浪力
Key words
single-pile foundation of wind turbine /
detached-eddy simulation /
wave-current coupling /
phase difference /
hydrodynamic characteristics /
wave force
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基金
江苏省高等学校基础科学（自然科学）研究面上项目（24KJB570001）; 国家自然科学基金面上项目（52271318; 52171255）; 江苏省研究生科研与实践创新计划（SJCX24_2456）
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