为有效解决垂直轴风力机易断轴、难做大等结构问题,提出一种U型垂直轴风力机的构型方案。介绍该风力机的基本组成和工作过程,建立并验证垂直轴风力机的有限元仿真模型。建立U型垂直轴风力机的抗倾覆力学模型,完成U型支撑构件、铰链机构、滚轮部件、车体单元的载荷分析。基于组合变形理论和交变应力-疲劳寿命分析理论,建立主支撑构件静强度疲劳寿命的数学模型。应用静力学仿真模型,分析加强支撑构件对风轮变形的影响作用。研究结果表明,U型垂直轴风力机采用翼型截面的斜置主支撑梁代替垂直主轴,下压式滚轮部件和承载式车体系统能有效地防止风轮发生倾覆,车体单元的运行速度为97.2 km/h（即27 m/s）以内,U型与H型风轮在主支撑构件危险截面的交变应力幅值比小于0.9,U型风轮的使用寿命至少是H型的2.34倍,绳索减少约60 %的风轮变形,有效降低了风轮的质量。
Abstract
In order to effectively solve the structural limits of Vertical Axis Wind Turbine （VAWT）, such as easy to break the shaft and difficult to scale up, a configuration design of U-type VAWT is proposed in this study. The basic composition and operational principle of the novel wind turbine are introduced. The Finite Element Method （FEM） models of VAWT are established and verified. The anti-overturning mechanical model of U-type VAWT is established. The load balance analyses of U-type support component, hinge mechanism, roller unit and vehicle assembly are completed. Based on the combined deformation theory and the alternating stress-fatigue life analysis theory, the mathematical model of the static-strength fatigue life of the main support component is established. The static simulation model is used to analyze the influence of supplementary supporting components on the deformation of U-type VAWT. The research results show that U-type VAWT adopts the inclined main support component with the airfoil section instead of the vertical main shaft, and the pressure-type roller unit and the load-beaning vehicle assembly can effectively prevent the overturning of U-type VAWT. The running speed of the vehicle assembly is less than 97.2 km/h which is 27 m/s. The alternating stress amplitude ratio of U-type and H-type VAWT in the dangerous section of the main support component is less than 0.9, which means the service life of U-type VAWT is 2.34 times of that of H-type at least. The rope reduces the deformation of U-type VAWT by about 60%, effectively reducing the mass of U-type VAWT.
关键词
垂直轴风力机 /
概念设计 /
静力学分析 /
结构载荷 /
疲劳寿命
Key words
vertical axis wind turbine /
conceptual design /
static analysis /
structural loads /
fatigue life
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基金
国家自然科学基金-广东省联合基金重点项目（U22A20194）; 广东省自然科学基金-面上项目（2025A1515012307）; 广州市基础与应用基础研究专题（2025A04J1177）; 深圳市高等院校稳定支持计划项目（GXWD20231130003553001）
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