质子交换膜（PEM）电解槽阳极侧的流场结构对于电解水制氢效率具有重要影响,为此需要根据电化学及计算流体力学理论深入分析电解槽内部物理场分布,进一步优化PEM电解槽流场结构。首先,通过Comsol Multiphysics仿真软件建立PEM电解槽多蛇形流场结构的三维模型,分析PEM电解槽内部电场和流场分布状况对电解水性能的影响规律;其次,根据仿真分析结果提出双分流、四分流及五分流3种分流改进结构,并对3种结构进行数值模拟分析。仿真结果表明：四分流结构性能最好,相比原来的多蛇形流场,氧气积聚下降约3%,气体排出效率提高22%,并且整体槽电压下降约0.0173 V。在此基础上,搭建具有四分流流场结构的PEM电解槽实验平台,实验证明电解槽电压降低0.0136 V,能耗降低,与仿真结果基本吻合。
Abstract
The flow field structure at the anode side of the proton exchange membrane （PEM） electrolyzer has an important influence on the efficiency of hydrogen production from electrolyzed water. Therefore, it is necessary to analyze the physical field distribution inside the electrolyzer in depth according to electrochemical and computational fluid dynamics theories, and further optimize the flow field structure of the PEM electrolyzer. The paper firstly establishes a three-dimensional model of the multi-serpentine flow field structure of PEM electrolyzer through Comsol Multiphysics simulation software, analyzing how the internal electric and flow fields affect electrolytic performance. Secondly, based on the results of simulation analysis, three shunt improvement structures, namely, double shunt, quadruple shunt and quintuple shunt, are proposed and analyzed by numerical simulation for the three structures. The simulation results show that the quadruple shunt structure has the best performance, with a decrease in oxygen accumulation of about 3%, an increase in gas discharge efficiency of 22%, and a decrease in overall cell voltage of about 0.0173 V compared to the original multi-serpentine flow field. On this basis, a PEM electrolyzer experimental platform with a quadruple structure was built. The experiment proves that the electrolyzer voltage is reduced by about 0.0136 V and the energy consumption is reduced, which is basically consistent with the simulation results.
关键词
电解 /
数值分析 /
流场 /
PEM电解槽 /
四分流结构
Key words
electrolysis /
numerical analysis /
flow fields /
proton exchange membrane （PEM） electrolyzer /
quadruple shunt structure
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基金
国家自然科学基金（51805466）; 江苏省“333”重点行业领域人才项目（153519050）
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