为提高风电机组动态运行过程的风能捕获量,提出转矩误差前馈与桨距角随动复合控制策略,设计考虑动态过程的最大功率点跟踪（MPPT）控制器。该控制器利用无迹卡尔曼滤波器在线估计风轮气动转矩,采用牛顿拉夫逊迭代法估计风速和叶尖速比,使用气动转矩估计值与稳态最优转矩的差值作为前馈信号,以控制发电机电磁转矩,并对前馈通道的参数按发电机转速进行增益调度。将叶尖速比估计值用于桨距角调节,使桨距角达到当前叶尖速比状态下的最优值,以提高非最优叶尖速比状态下的风能捕获能力。模拟结果显示,该控制策略可有效提高风力发电机的MPPT动态响应速度和风能捕获量。
Abstract
In order to improve the wind energy capture capability during the dynamic operation of wind turbines, a compound control strategy of torque error feedforward and pitch angle follow-up is proposed, and a maximum power point tracking （MPPT） controller considering the dynamic process is designed. The unscented Kalman filter is used to estimate the aerodynamic torque of the rotor, and the Newton-Raphson iteration method is used to estimate the wind speed and tip speed ratio. The difference between the estimated aerodynamic torque and the steady-state optimal torque is used as the feedforward signal to control the electromagnetic torque of the generator, and the gain scheduling of the feedforward parameter generator speed is performed.The estimated value of the tip speed ratio is used to adjust the pitch angle, so that the pitch angle reaches the optimal value under the current tip speed ratio state, and the wind energy capture capability under the non-optimal tip speed ratio state is improved. The simulation results show that the control strategy can effectively improve the dynamic response of wind turbine MPPT and the amount of wind energy capture capability.
关键词
风电机组 /
控制器 /
桨距角 /
最大功率点跟踪 /
惯性响应时间 /
转矩误差前馈
Key words
wind turbine /
controller /
pitch angle /
maximum power point tracking /
inertial response time /
torque error feedforward
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基金
国家重点研发计划（2020YFB1506700）
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