为实现简易、低成本的海面波浪实时测量,提出一种基于明暗恢复形状法（SFS）的非接触式波浪参数测量方法。首先利用单目相机获取水槽波浪以及浮球参照物图像信息,然后基于SFS法分别对波面以及参照物表面的三维形状进行恢复,并将尺寸变换系数引入到波面三维形状恢复结果中,进而根据三维重建结果提出波浪参数计算方法,最后将波浪参数测量结果与实际测量结果进行对比分析。结果表明该方法测得的平均波高、平均波长与实际值间的相对误差均小于5%,平均周期的相对误差均小于1%,且平均波向与实际波向的差距均在5°以内,具有较高的稳定性与准确性。
Abstract
To achieve a simple and low-cost real-time measurement of sea waves, this article proposes a non-contact wave parameter measurement method based on shape-from-shading （SFS）. Initially, a single camera is used to capture images of the wave tank and floating reference objects. Then, the three-dimensional shapes of the wave surface and reference objects are reconstructed using the SFS method. A size transformation coefficient is introduced into the 3D reconstruction results to accurately calculate wave parameters. The proposed method's wave parameter measurements are compared with actual measurements. Results indicate that the relative errors for average wave height and wavelength are less than 5%, the relative error for the average period is less than 1%, and the deviation in wave direction is within 5°. This method demonstrates high stability and accuracy.
关键词
波浪能 /
波长 /
三维重建 /
明暗恢复形状法 /
尺寸变换系数 /
图像处理 /
光学测量
Key words
wave power /
wavelength /
3D reconstruction /
shape-from-shading /
size transformation coefficient /
image processing /
optical measurement
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基金
海南省科技计划三亚崖州湾科技城联合项目（2021CXLH0024）
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