为深入探究齿根裂纹激励对风电齿轮-轴承耦合系统动力学特性的影响规律,提出一种考虑切片耦合效应的含裂纹齿轮时变啮合刚度（TVMS）解析计算与系统振动耦合求解方法。以企业某型风电齿轮箱高速级为研究对象,综合考虑齿轮副动态啮合力、滚动轴承动态支撑力等时变因素,建立风电齿轮-轴承耦合系统裂纹故障动力学模型,分析齿根裂纹对齿轮TVMS以及系统动态特性的影响,并通过台架试验验证了模型的正确性。研究结果表明：考虑切片耦合效应的齿轮TVMS修正算法能更好地表征裂纹故障下齿轮啮合刚度的动态变化,齿根裂纹导致齿轮TVMS降低,忽略切片轮齿间的耦合效应可能会高估齿轮裂纹深度对齿轮TVMS的影响;齿根裂纹激励与轴承内滚动体动态接触载荷之间存在一定关联规律,随着齿根裂纹深度的增加,滚动体动态接触载荷的幅值也随之增加,轴承承载区范围出现减小的趋势;当含裂纹齿轮参与啮合时,TVMS的降低将导致齿轮-轴承耦合系统的振动位移产生较大周期性冲击响应,并在啮频附近产生边频带现象,忽略切片轮齿间的耦合效应或将轴承简化为刚度阻尼矩阵可能会低估齿轮裂纹激励对耦合系统的振动响应。
Abstract
In order to further investigate the influence between the tooth root crack excitation and the dynamic characteristics of the wind turbine gear-bearing coupling system, a quantitative calculation of the time varying meshing stiffness（TVMS） of cracked gears and a coupled system vibration solution method considering the slicing coupling effect are proposed. Taking the high-speed stage of a certain type of wind power gearbox in an enterprise as the research object, and comprehensively considering time-varying factors such as the dynamic meshing force of gear pairs and the dynamic supporting force of rolling bearings, a dynamic model of crack faults in the wind power gear-bearing coupling system was established. The influence of tooth root cracks on the TVMS of gears and the dynamic characteristics of the system was analyzed, and the correctness of the model was verified through bench tests. The results show that： the gear TVMS correction algorithm considering the slicing coupling effect can better characterise the dynamic change of the gear meshing stiffness under crack failure, the tooth root crack causes the gear TVMS to decrease, and ignoring the coupling effect between the slicing gear teeth may overestimate the effect of the tooth root crack depth on the gear TVMS. There is a certain correlation law between the root crack excitation and the dynamic contact load of the rolling body in the bearing, with the increase of the root crack depth, the amplitude of the dynamic contact load of the rolling body also increases, and the range of the bearing load carrying area tends to decrease; When cracked gears are involved in meshing, the reduction of TVMS will cause the vibration displacement of the coupled gear-bearing system to produce a large cyclic shock response, and produce the phenomenon of side bands near the meshing frequency, ignoring the coupling effect between the sliced gears and teeth, or simplifying bearings to stiffness damping matrix may underestimate the vibration response of the coupled system due to gear crack excitation.
关键词
风电机组 /
齿轮传动 /
动力学 /
齿根裂纹 /
切片法 /
滚动轴承
Key words
wind turbines /
gear transmission /
dynamics /
gear cracks /
slice method /
rolling bearing
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基金
国家重点研发计划（2022YFB4201402）; 国家自然科学基金（52105050）; 重庆市发展专项（CSTB2022TIAD-KPX0074); 重庆市科技计划(CSTB2023NSCQ-BSX0015)
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