为了更准确地掌握双馈风力发电机绕组不对称故障的特征,从叶轮扫掠面内的实际风况出发,研究风剪切和塔影效应引起的风速时空分布差异对绕组不对称故障特征的影响。首先分析考虑风速时空分布差异后的等效风速模型,并基于该模型对机组特性进行研究,得到考虑风速时空分布差异的定子电流特性,然后分析风速分布差异参数（风剪切指数、塔筒半径和中心距）对定子电流特性的影响。接下来利用Matlab/Simulink平台进行仿真验证,并通过双馈风力发电机组故障模拟平台进行实验验证。研究结果表明,与现有的基于轮毂处平均风速的故障特征相比,考虑风速时空分布差异后,定子电流基频和3倍频的两侧均出现了3kP（k为整数,P为叶轮转频）为主的调制频率;不同风速分布参数会对上述的特征频率产生不同的影响。研究结果完善了双馈风电机组故障诊断理论体系,对实际故障诊断有一定的理论指导意义。
Abstract
In order to accurately characterize the winding asymmetry fault in a doubly-fed induction generator, this study investigates the effect of spatio-temporal wind speed variations （caused by wind shear and tower shadow） based on actual wind conditions across the rotor swept area. Firstly an equivalent wind speed mode that accounts for the spatio-temporal variations of wind speed was develop-ed, and investigates the corresponding stator current characteristics based on this model was investigated. It then analyzes the impact of key wind speed distribution parameters, including the wind shear exponent, tower radius, and hub offset, on the stator current behavior. Also the influence of wind speed distribution difference parameters （wind shear index, tower radius and center distance） on the stator current characteristics was analyzed. Subsequently, simulation verification was conducted using the MATLAB/Simulink platform, and experimental verification was performed on a doubly-fed wind turbine fault simulation platform. The results show that, compared with the existing fault characteristics based on the average wind speed at the hub, the modulation frequencies of 3kP （k is an integer, P is the rotation frequency） appear on both sides of the stator current fundamental frequency and its third harmonic when wind speed spatio-temporal distribution differences are considered. Different wind speed distribution parameters affect these characteristic frequencies to varying degrees. The research results improve the fault diagnosis theory system of doubly-fed wind turbines and have a certain theoretical significance for practical fault diagnosis.
关键词
风力发电机 /
故障诊断 /
风速 /
绕组不对称 /
双馈风力发电机
Key words
wind turbine generator /
fault diagnosis /
wind speed /
winding asymmetry /
doubly-fed wind turbine
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基金
国家自然科学基金（52275109; 52105098）; 河北省自然科学基金（E2022502007）; 河北省高等学校自然科学研究项目（ZC2024033）
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