为解决大规模波动性风电制氢效率低的问题,提出一种结合电网购电的风氢系统电解槽阵列优化控制策略。首先研究质子交换膜电解槽制氢效率曲线,根据效率特性,针对电解槽阵列启停控制及功率分配问题,提出一种考虑制氢效率的分段调控策略;其次以系统总成本最小为目标,基于人工蜂群算法构建风氢系统日内优化调度模型,通过宁波某地实际数据进行计算分析。结果表明,所提策略较简单启停控制平均每小时提高产氢量5.93%,日均启停次数从18次降至2次,电解槽利用率从64.58%提升至98.75%;且当电价降低47.27%和氢价上调14.29%时,产氢量和购电量均提高15.56%及227.79%,但总成本分别降低5.91%和12.78%,氢气价格对系统经济性的影响更大。
Abstract
To address the issue of low efficiency in hydrogen production from large-scale fluctuating wind power, we proposed an optimized control strategy for an electrolyzer array in a wind-hydrogen system combined with grid power purchases. Firstly, we stuolied the hydrogen production efficiency curve of proton exchange membrane electrolyzer. Based on the efficiency characteristics, we proposed a segmented regulation strategy considering hydrogen production efficiency for the start-stop control and power distribution of the electrolyzer array. Secondly, aiming to minimize the total system cost, we constructed an intraday optimization scheduling model for the wind-hydrogen system based on the artificial bee colony algorithm, using actual data from Ningbo for computational analysis. The results show that the proposed strategy increases hydrogen production by an average of 5.93% per hour compared to simple start-stop control, reduces the average daily start-stop times from 18 to 2, and improves the electrolyzer utilization rate from 64.58% to 98.75%. Furthermore, when the electricity price decreases by 47.27% and the hydrogen price increases by 14.29%, hydrogen production and power purchase increase by 15.56% and 227.79%, respectively, but the total cost decreases by 5.91% and 12.78%, indicating that the hydrogen price has a greater impact on the system’s economic performance.
关键词
电解水制氢 /
电解槽阵列 /
风电 /
效率特性 /
功率分配 /
弃风 /
优化控制
Key words
hydrogen production by water electrolysis /
electrolyzer array /
wind power /
efficiency characteristics /
power distribution /
wind curtailment /
optimal control
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基金
国家重点研发计划（2021YFB2601601）
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