为解决可再生能源消纳水平低和用户负荷波动所造成的源-荷供需不平衡的问题,以三阶段多时间尺度方法为研究环境,其中日前、日内、实时优化的时间尺度分别为1 h、15 min、1 min,逐级优化系统中各设备出力计划。实时在日内规划的各设备出力计划上,增加超级电容设备,完善系统中储电设备的种类。利用变分模态分解（VMD）分频技术将系统的差额功率分为高频和低频信号,对能量型和功率型两种储电设备重新进行调峰调频。结果表明,实时优化阶段增加超容后可节省90%的锂电池充放电成本,充放电次数由131次减少到13次,可降低整个系统的日运行成本。
Abstract
To tackle the challenge of source-load imbalance caused by the underutilization of renewable energy and the variability in user demand,this research introduces a multi-time scale optimization strategy for an integrated energy system featuring multiple energy storage units. The proposed strategy employs a systematic three-tier optimization framework,designated as “day-ahead—intra-day—real-time peak regulation and frequency modulation”. This framework meticulously refines the operational plans for all system components at different stages. Specifically,the day-ahead optimization operates on a 1-hour time scale, the intra-day optimization on a 15-minute interval,and the real-time adjustment on a 1-minute cycle. In real-time planning, supercapacitor（SC） equipment is incorporated into the output plan for each day-intra equipment schedule,employing variational mode decomposition（VMD） frequency division technology. The system’s differential power is divided into high-frequency and low-frequency components,and both the energy-type and power-type storage devices are reconfigured. Through this process,the study determines the optimal VMD frequency-dirition ration. The results show that the charge and discharge cost of the lithium-ion battery can be saved 90% by increasing the supercapacitor in the real-time optimization stage,and the charge and discharge times are reduced from 131 to 13 times.
关键词
储能 /
综合能源 /
超级电容 /
多时间尺度 /
VMD分频
Key words
energy storage /
integrated energy /
supercapacitor /
multi-time scale /
VMD frequency division
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基金
国家重点研发计划（2022YFE0117200）; 国家自然科学基金（52206247）; 河北省自然科学基金（E2023502040）; 中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金（2022MS089）
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