以沉浮、俯仰二自由度风力机翼型为研究对象,建立翼型气弹系统动力学模型并引入可考虑多级失速涡的翼型动态失速模型,分析垂直来流方向湍流影响下结构及气动非线性对颤振临界速度的改变,与颤振后动力学特性。结果显示,垂直湍流对流速大小影响微弱,但扰动来流攻角造成非线性气动力波动,导致系统临界颤振速度降低,振动增强;垂直湍流破坏二自由度振动同步性,改变颤振类型;结构非线性因素对气弹响应的影响在翼型振幅随流速上升增大后增强。
Abstract
This study takes a two-degree-of-freedom （pitching and plunging） wind turbine airfoil as the research project, for which an aeroelastic model is established. An airfoil dynamic stall model, which accounts for secondary dynamic stall vortices, is introduced as the nonlinear aerodynamic model. The effects of the aerodynamic and structural nonlinearity factors on the critical flutter speed and the post-flutter dynamic characteristics of the airfoil are analyzed under the influence of vertical turbulence. The results show that the influence of vertical turbulence on the magnitude of incoming flow velocity is weak, but it significantly disturbs the incoming flow angle of attack and causes large fluctuations in the nonlinear aerodynamic force, resulting in a lower critical flutter speed and increased vibration. Vertical turbulence destroys the synchronization of the two-degree-of-freedom vibration and changes the flutter type of the system. With increasing inflow velocity, the system vibrates more substantially, and the influence of structural nonlinearity on the aeroelastic response is more obvious.
关键词
风力机 /
翼型 /
气动弹性 /
颤振 /
非线性 /
湍流
Key words
wind turbines /
airfoil /
aeroelasticity /
flutter /
nonlinearity /
turbulence
{{custom_sec.title}}
{{custom_sec.title}}
{{custom_sec.content}}
参考文献
[1] 王同光, 田琳琳, 钟伟, 等. 风能利用中的空气动力学研究进展Ⅱ:入流和尾流特性[J]. 空气动力学学报, 2022, 40(4): 22-50.
WANG T G, TIAN L L, ZHONG W, et al.Aerodynamic research progress in wind energy Ⅱ: inflow and wake characteristics[J]. Acta aerodynamica sinica, 2022, 40(4): 22-50.
[2] WANG L, LIU X W, KOLIOS A.State of the art in the aeroelasticity of wind turbine blades: aeroelastic modelling[J]. Renewable and sustainable energy reviews, 2016, 64: 195-210.
[3] JAHANI K, LANGLOIS R G, AFAGH F F.Structural dynamics of offshore wind turbines: a review[J]. Ocean engineering, 2022, 251: 111136.
[4] STEVENS R J A M, MENEVEAU C. Flow structure and turbulence in wind farms[J]. Annual review of fluid mechanics, 2017, 49: 311-339.
[5] 柴永奋. 河西地区大气边界层湍流相干结构对风力机气动性能的影响研究[D]. 兰州: 兰州理工大学, 2023.
CHAI Y F.Influence of coherent structure of atmospheric boundary layer turbulence on aerodynamic performance of wind turbines in Hexi region[D]. Lanzhou: Lanzhou University of Technology, 2023.
[6] LEE B H K, PRICE S J, WONG Y S. Nonlinear aeroelastic analysis of airfoils: bifurcation and chaos[J]. Progress in aerospace sciences, 1999, 35(3): 205-334.
[7] LIU Q, XU Y, KURTHS J, et al.Complex nonlinear dynamics and vibration suppression of conceptual airfoil models: a state-of-the-art overview[J]. Chaos: an interdisciplinary journal of nonlinear science, 2022, 32(6): 062101.
[8] THEODORSEN T.General theory of aerodynamic instability and the mechanism of flutter[R]. NACA-TR-496,1979.
[9] VENKATRAMANI J, KUMAR S K, SARKAR S, et al.Physical mechanism of intermittency route to aeroelastic flutter[J]. Journal of fluids and structures, 2017, 75: 9-26.
[10] RAAJ A, VENKATRAMANI J, MONDAL S.Synchronization of pitch and plunge motions during intermittency route to aeroelastic flutter[J]. Chaos: an interdisciplinary journal of nonlinear science, 2019, 29(4): 043129.
[11] BETHI R V, GALI S V, VENKATRAMANI J.Response analysis of a pitch-plunge airfoil with structural and aerodynamic nonlinearities subjected to randomly fluctuating flows[J]. Journal of fluids and structures, 2020, 92: 102820.
[12] TRIPATHI D, SHREENIVAS R, BOSE C D, et al.Experimental investigation on the synchronization characteristics of a pitch-plunge aeroelastic system exhibiting stall flutter[J]. Chaos: an interdisciplinary journal of nonlinear science, 2022, 32(7): 073114.
[13] GRANLUND K, OL M, WILLIAMS D, et al.Airfoil longitudinal gust response in separated vs. attached flows[C]//42nd AIAA Fluid Dynamics Conference and Exhibit. New Orleans, Louisiana, 2012: 2695.
[14] 朱呈勇, 王同光. 振荡翼型和振荡来流下的动态失速数值研究[J]. 太阳能学报, 2019, 40(9): 2433-2440.
ZHU C Y, WANG T G.Numerical investigation into dynamic stall under pitch oscillation and oscillating freestream[J]. Acta energiae solaris sinica, 2019, 40(9): 2433-2440.
[15] DESSI D, MASTRODDI F.A nonlinear analysis of stability and gust response of aeroelastic systems[J]. Journal of fluids and structures, 2008, 24(3): 436-445.
[16] DOS SANTOS L G P, MARQUES F D. Nonlinear aeroelastic analysis of airfoil section under stall flutter oscillations and gust loads[J]. Journal of fluids and structures, 2021, 102: 103250.
[17] DOS SANTOS C R, PEREIRA D A, MARQUES F D. On limit cycle oscillations of typical aeroelastic section with different preset angles of incidence at low airspeeds[J]. Journal of fluids and structures, 2017, 74: 19-34.
[18] LEISHMAN J.State-space model for unsteady airfoil behavior and dynamic stall[C]//30th Structures, Structural Dynamics and Materials Conference. Mobile, AL, 1989: 1319.
[19] TRUONG K.An analytical model for airfoil aerodynamic characteristics over the entire 360° angle of attack range[J]. Journal of renewable and sustainable energy, 2020, 12(3): 033303.
[20] 李原, 尹凡夫, 高伟, 等. 基于改进LB动态失速模型的翼型非线性气弹分析[J]. 太阳能学报, 2023, 44(7): 402-408.
LI Y, YIN F F, GAO W, et al.Nonlinear aeroelastic analysis of 2D airfoil based on modified LB dynamic stall model[J]. Acta energiae solaris sinica, 2023, 44(7): 402-408.
[21] 尹凡夫, 陈嘉佳, 陈晓静, 等. 非均匀来流条件下风力机翼型结构非线性气弹稳定性研究[J]. 太阳能学报, 2023, 44(5): 442-448.
YIN F F, CHEN J J, CHEN X J, et al.Study on aeroelastic stability of wind turbine airfoil with structural nonlinearity in non-uniform inflow conditions[J]. Acta energiae solaris sinica, 2023, 44(5): 442-448.
[22] HUPERT J J.Modulation, noise, and spectral analysis: Applied to information transmission[J]. Proceedings of the IEEE, 1965, 53(12): 2171.
[23] ECKMANN J P, KAMPHORST S O, RUELLE D.Recurrence plots of dynamical systems[J]. Europhysics letters(EPL), 1987, 4(9): 937-977.
基金
中国长江三峡集团有限公司科研项目（202303058）; 国家重点研发计划（2023YFB4203100）; 航空发动机及燃气轮机基础科学中心项目（P2022-B-V-004-001）
PDF(3874 KB)
