玉米秸秆炭混合国槐生物质育苗钵物理特性研究

刘菲; 王婷; 白宇佳; 田一博; 张静; 孟华菊

doi:10.19912/j.0254-0096.tynxb.2024-1281

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太阳能学报 ›› 2025, Vol. 46 ›› Issue (11) : 783-791. DOI: 10.19912/j.0254-0096.tynxb.2024-1281

玉米秸秆炭混合国槐生物质育苗钵物理特性研究

刘菲^1,2, 王婷^1,2, 白宇佳^1,2, 田一博^1,2, 张静^1,2, 孟华菊³

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PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF CORN STOVER CHARCOAL MIXED WITH Sophora japonica BIOMASS SEEDLING BOWL

Liu Fei^1,2, Wang Ting^1,2, Bai Yujia^1,2, Tian Yibo^1,2, Zhang Jing^1,2, Meng Huaju³

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摘要

将玉米秸秆炭化后与国槐废弃物混合制成生物质育苗钵,采用响应面法分析成型温度、压力、粘结剂比例、原料混合比对育苗钵密度、跌落破损性、承压破损性的影响,应用满意度函数法和多种群遗传算法优化工艺参数,并分析育苗钵对土壤理化特性的影响。结果表明：在温度60~110 ℃、压力8~18 MPa、粘结剂与原料质量比（0.6~1.3）∶1、玉米秸秆炭含量10%~60%的范围内,育苗钵的密度、跌落破损率和承压破损率分别达到0.908 g/cm³、2.98%和2.68%。最佳工艺参数组合为：温度67 ℃、压力13.64 MPa、粘结剂与原料质量比0.78∶1、玉米秸秆炭与国槐原料质量比3∶7,在此条件下育苗钵密度为1.032 g/cm³,跌落破损率为2.65%,承压破损率为2.34%,与预测值的相对误差分别仅为0.02%、0.01%及0.03%。育苗钵埋入土壤8周后,土壤pH值由8.92降至8.02,土壤速效氮、速效磷和速效钾分别提升57.1、27.0及38.0 mg/kg,玉米秸秆炭混合国槐生物质育苗钵可有效降低土壤pH值并提高土壤肥力。

Abstract

Response surface methodology was used to analyze the effects of molding temperature, pressure, proportion of binder and mixing ratio of raw materials on the density of seedling bowl, breakage by dropping, and breakage by pressure. Then the process parameters were optimized by applying the satisfaction function method and multi-population genetic algorithm. In addition, the effect of seedling bowls on the physicochemical properties of soil was also analyzed. The results showed that the density, drop breakage rate and compressive breakage rate of seedling bowls reached 0.908 g/cm³, 2.98% and 2.68%, with the temperature of 60-110 ℃, pressure of 8-18 MPa, binder to raw material mass ratio of 0.6∶1-1.3∶1, and the corn stover charcoal content of 10%-60%. The optimal combinations of process parameters were temperature 67 ℃, pressure 13.64 MPa, binder to raw material mass ratio 0.78∶1, and corn stover charcoal to Sophora japonica raw material mass ratio 3∶7, under which the density, drop breakage rate and compressive breakage rate of seedling bowls were 1.032 g/cm³, 2.65% and 2.34%, which were only 0.02%, 0.01%, and 0.03% from the predicted values. After the seedling bowls were buried in the soil for 8 weeks, the soil pH value decreased from 8.92 to 8.02, and the soil quick-acting nitrogen, quick-acting phosphorus, and quick-acting potassium increased by 57.1, 27.0, and 38.0 mg/kg respectively, which indicated that the corn stover charcoal-mixed Sophora japonica biomass seedling bowl could effectively reduce the soil pH value and improve the soil fertility.

导出引用

刘菲, 王婷, 白宇佳, 田一博, 张静, 孟华菊. 玉米秸秆炭混合国槐生物质育苗钵物理特性研究[J]. 太阳能学报. 2025, 46(11): 783-791 https://doi.org/10.19912/j.0254-0096.tynxb.2024-1281

Liu Fei, Wang Ting, Bai Yujia, Tian Yibo, Zhang Jing, Meng Huaju. PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF CORN STOVER CHARCOAL MIXED WITH Sophora japonica BIOMASS SEEDLING BOWL[J]. Acta Energiae Solaris Sinica. 2025, 46(11): 783-791 https://doi.org/10.19912/j.0254-0096.tynxb.2024-1281

中图分类号： S216.2

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