一种新型坐底式海上风电筒型基础安装平台,其下部结构为U形沉垫式基础。针对该安装平台,设计3种不同型式基础：单沉垫、沉垫-4筒和沉垫-裙板基础,开展一系列砂土中基础水平承载模型试验和有限元模拟,研究基础型式和加载高度、加载方向对基础水平承载特性的影响,结果表明：在相同加载条件下,相较于单沉垫,沉垫-4筒和沉垫-裙板的水平承载力可增加66%、165%;有限元结果与模型试验吻合较好,验证了有限元分析的可靠性;单沉垫运动模式主要为平动,而沉垫-4筒和沉垫-裙板为转动-平动复合运动,其中沉垫-裙板的转动位移最大,因此其水平承载力对加载方向和高度更为敏感;有限元结果分析表明,3种基础破坏模式为受压侧结构附近土体产生塑性应变;水平位移加载过程中,沉垫-4筒基础由沉垫与受压筒体提供约80%抗力,沉垫-裙板由裙板提供约90%抗力。
Abstract
A novel bottom-supported offshore wind turbine bucket foundation platform employs a U-shaped mudmat as its foundation. This study designs three different foundation types for the platform： single mudmat, mudmat with four buckets, and skirted mudmat. A series of model tests and finite element simulations were conducted to investigate the effects of foundation type, loading height, and direction on the horizontal bearing behaviors of the foundations in sand. The results show that, under the same loading conditions, the horizontal bearing capacity increases by 66% for the mudmat with four buckets and 165% for the skirted mudmat compared to the single mudmat. The finite element results closely match the model tests, validating the reliability of the finite element analysis method. The single mudmat primarily exhibits translational motion, whereas the mudmat with four buckets and the skirted mudmat exhibit combined rotational and translational motion, and the skirted mudmat shows the highest rotational displacement, making its horizontal bearing capacity more sensitive to loading direction and height. Finite element analysis reveals that the failure modes for all three foundations involve plastic strain in the soil near the structures on the compressing side. During horizontal displacement loading, the mudmat and the compressed bucket provide approximately 80% of the resistance in the mudmat-buckets system, and the skirt contributes approximately 90% of the resistance in the mudmat-skirt system.
关键词
海上风电 /
U形沉垫基础 /
水平承载力 /
模型试验 /
有限元模拟
Key words
offshore wind power /
U-shaped mudmat foundation /
horizontal bearing capacity /
model test /
finite element simulation
{{custom_sec.title}}
{{custom_sec.title}}
{{custom_sec.content}}
参考文献
[1] 练继建, 刘润, 董霄峰, 等. 一种深水海上风电筒型基础安装装置和方法: CN111910675A[P]. 2020-11-10.
LIAN J J, LIU R, DONG X F, et al. A device and method for installing bucket foundations of deep-water offshore wind turbines: CN111910675A[P]. 2020-11-10.
[2] 张海亚, 郑晨. 海上风电安装船的发展趋势研究[J]. 船舶工程, 2016, 38(1): 1-7, 30.
ZHANG H Y, ZHENG C.Developing trend analysis of wind turbine installation vessel[J]. Ship engineering, 2016, 38(1): 1-7, 30.
[3] 王哲, 王国才, 陈禹, 等. 矩形浅基础地基极限承载力的理论解[J]. 岩土力学, 2008, 29(4): 1001-1004, 1009.
WANG Z, WANG G C, CHEN Y, et al.Theoretical solution of ultimate bearing capacity of foundations under shallow rectangular footings[J]. Rock and soil mechanics, 2008, 29(4): 1001-1004, 1009.
[4] 丁红岩, 章李卉, 张浦阳, 等. 海上临坡宽浅式筒型基础承载特性研究[J]. 太阳能学报, 2021, 42(2): 163-171.
DING H Y, ZHANG L H, ZHANG P Y, et al.Bearing capacity analysis of large diameter and shallow buried bucket foundation near slope for offshore wind turbine[J]. Acta energiae solaris sinica, 2021, 42(2): 163-171.
[5] 严远忠, 张琪, 叶冠林, 等. 沉垫基础在水平和斜坡黏土海床上的竖向承载特性研究[J]. 上海交通大学学报, 2023, 57(6) : 700-708.
YAN Y Z, ZHANG Q, YE G L, et al.Vertical bearing characteristics of mat foundation on horizontal and sloping clay seabed[J]. Journal of Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 2023, 57(6): 700-708.
[6] GOURVENEC S, RANDOLPH M, KINGSNORTH O.Undrained bearing capacity of square and rectangular footings[J]. International journal of geomechanics, 2006, 6(3): 147-157.
[7] FENG X W, RANDOLPH M F, GOURVENEC S, et al.Design approach for rectangular mudmats under fully three-dimensional loading[J]. Géotechnique, 2014, 64(1): 51-63.
[8] 范庆来, 郑静, 武科. 砂土地基上圆形浅基础三维破坏包络面的理论研究[J]. 土木建筑与环境工程, 2015, 37(3): 63-69.
FAN Q L, ZHENG J, WU K.Theoretical analysis on three dimensional failure envelope of circular footings on sand[J]. Journal of civil, architectural & environmental engineering, 2015, 37(3): 63-69.
[9] 刘润, 刘孟孟, 杨树耕. 饱和软黏土中不同形状深水防沉板基础承载特性研究[J]. 海洋学报, 2016, 38(3): 131-144.
LIU R, LIU M M, YANG S G.Bearing capacity of different shape mudmat foundations for subsea production system on undrained clays[J]. Haiyang Xuebao, 2016, 38(3): 131-144.
[10] LIU R, CAI R B, CHEN G S, et al.The bearing capacity of A-shaped mat foundations on cohesive soil[J]. Ships and offshore structures, 2023, 18(sup1): 43-52.
[11] 汪嘉钰, 刘润, 陈广思, 等. 海上风电宽浅式筒型基础竖向极限承载力上限解[J]. 太阳能学报, 2022, 43(3): 294-300.
WANG J Y, LIU R, CHEN G S, et al.Upper bound solution limit analysis of vertical bearing capacity of shallow bucket foundation for offshore wind turbines[J]. cta energiae solaris sinica, 2022, 43(3): 294-300.
[12] 陈广思, 刘润. 砂土中带裙板防沉板基础水平向承载力的上限解[J]. 天津大学学报(自然科学与工程技术版), 2018, 51(3): 264-270.
CHEN G S, LIU R.Upper bound solutions of horizontal bearing capacity of skirted mudmat foundation in sand[J]. Journal of Tianjin University (science and technology), 2018, 51(3): 264-270.
基金
近海漂浮式光伏发电关键技术及核心部件研发与工程示范（2022YFB4200700）; 天津市科技计划项目（23ZYQYGX00140）
PDF(2755 KB)
