基于颗粒吸热器的塔式超临界CO2光热系统全年性能研究

陈星宇; 陈睿; 宋梦譞

doi:10.19912/j.0254-0096.tynxb.2024-1957

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太阳能学报 ›› 2026, Vol. 47 ›› Issue (3) : 17-28. DOI: 10.19912/j.0254-0096.tynxb.2024-1957

基于颗粒吸热器的塔式超临界CO₂光热系统全年性能研究

陈星宇, 陈睿, 宋梦譞

作者信息 +

ANNUAL PERFORMANCE STUDY OF TOWER-TYPE SUPERCRITICAL CO₂ SOLAR THERMAL SYSTEM BASED ON PARTICLE HEAT RECEIVER

Chen Xingyu, Chen Rui, Song Mengxuan

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文章历史 +

摘要

构建基于腔式颗粒吸热器的空冷式S-CO₂布雷顿塔式光热发电系统的全工况耦合模型,对比在真实天气条件下与两种S-CO₂布雷顿循环形式（简单回热式和再压缩式）集成的耦合系统动态运行特性。结果表明,再压缩式耦合系统的设计光电效率（30.46%）高于简单回热式耦合系统（25.67%）,达到第3代太阳能热发电系统的目标要求,对应所需定日镜面积、吸热器和储热罐容量更少。系统全年运行表现受太阳能辐射条件和环境温度影响显著,冬季晴朗天空及低温条件下系统效率较高,而夏季高温和降雨则导致性能下降。由于高温下再压缩式S-CO₂循环非设计工况运行效率下降明显,其耦合系统全年发电量低于简单回热式耦合系统,但年均光电转换效率更高,年总辅助燃料消耗更少。

Abstract

Solar thermal power generation based on supercritical CO₂ (S-CO₂） Brayton cycles offers several advantages, including environmental compatibility, operational flexibility, compactness, suitability for air cooling, and high solar-to-electric conversion efficiency. This paper develops a fully coupled dynamic model of an air-cooled solar tower power plant that integrates a cavity upper bubbling fluidized bed (UBFB） particle receiver with S-CO₂ Brayton cycles. The dynamic performance of the integrated system is evaluated under realistic meteorological conditions for two S-CO₂ Brayton cycle configurations： a simple recuperated cycle and a recompression cycle. The results show that the recompression cycle configuration achieves a solar-to-electric efficiency of 30.46% under design conditions, exceeding that of the simple recuperated configuration (25.67%） and meeting the target efficiency of third-generation concentrating solar power systems. Consequently, the recompression-based system requires a smaller heliostat field and reduced capacities for both the particle receiver and thermal energy storage. The system annual performance is strongly influenced by solar radiation and ambient temperature. Higher system efficiencies are obtained under clear skies and low winter temperatures, while elevated summer temperatures and increased precipitation lead to performance degradation. Although the recompression cycle suffers pronounced efficiency losses under off-design conditions at high ambient temperatures, resulting in lower annual electricity production compared to the simple recuperated cycle, it still achieves a higher annual average solar-to-electric efficiency and lower total auxiliary fuel consumption.

导出引用

陈星宇, 陈睿, 宋梦譞. 基于颗粒吸热器的塔式超临界CO₂光热系统全年性能研究[J]. 太阳能学报. 2026, 47(3): 17-28 https://doi.org/10.19912/j.0254-0096.tynxb.2024-1957

Chen Xingyu, Chen Rui, Song Mengxuan. ANNUAL PERFORMANCE STUDY OF TOWER-TYPE SUPERCRITICAL CO₂ SOLAR THERMAL SYSTEM BASED ON PARTICLE HEAT RECEIVER[J]. Acta Energiae Solaris Sinica. 2026, 47(3): 17-28 https://doi.org/10.19912/j.0254-0096.tynxb.2024-1957

中图分类号： TK514

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