为探究波浪对海上漂浮式光伏组件发电性能的影响,选取额定功率为595 W的光伏组件为研究对象,基于理论分析和物理模型试验研究的方法,对比分析波浪作用下组件最大摆动角度5°~30°、摆动周期5~10 s及辐照度200~900 W/m2对其发电性能比的影响。研究结果表明：随着光伏组件最大摆动角度由5°增大到30°,摆动组件发电量与0°固定组件发电量的比值,即发电性能比ηA降低了5.16个百分点,摆动组件发电量与18°固定组件发电量的比值,即发电性能比ηB降低了5.30个百分点,且下降速率随最大摆动角度的增大而逐渐增大。相较于与最大摆动角度对性能比的影响来看,摆动周期差异对性能比的影响较小,组件的发电性能比随摆动周期的增大而提高。随着辐照度的增大,组件的发电性能比降低;辐照度由200 W/m2 增大到900 W/m2时,ηA下降了4.61个百分点,ηB下降了5.48个百分点。
Abstract
In order to explore the effect of waves on the power generation performance of floating photovoltaic modules at sea, photovoltaic modules with rated power of 595 W were selected as the research object. Based on theoretical analysis and physical model experimentals, the effects of maximum swing angle of 5°-30°, swing period of 5~10 s and irradiance of 200~900 W/m2 on the power generation performance ratio were compared and analyzed. The results show that with the maximum swing angle of the photovoltaic module increasing from 5 to 30, the ratio of the power generation of the swing photovoltaic module to that of the fixed module with a 0° tilt angle, defined as the power generation performance ratio ηA, decreased by 5.16 percentage points. The ratio of the power generation of the swing photovoltaic module to that of the fixed module with an 18° tilt angle, referred to as the power generation performance ratio ηB, decreased by 5.30 percentage points. Furthermore, the decline rate gradually accelerated with an increase in the maximum swing angle. Compared with the influence of the maximum swing angle on the maximum swing angle on the performance ratio, the effect of swing period variation is relatively insignificant,and the power generation performance ratio of the module increases with the extension of the swing period. The power generation performance ratio of the module decreases with increasing irradiance. When the irradiance increases from 200 W/m² to 900 W/m², ηA decreases by 4.61 percentage points and ηB decreases by 5.48 percentage points.
关键词
漂浮式光伏 /
波浪荷载 /
太阳辐射 /
物理模型试验 /
运动响应 /
发电性能
Key words
floating photovoltaic /
wave load /
solar radiation /
physical model experimental /
motion response /
power generation performance
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基金
国家重点研发计划（2022YFB4200700）
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