生物质与褐煤共水热制复合型腐植酸钾及其应用研究

柳文娜; 李艳玲; 董丽静; 刘鹏; 孙堂磊; 雷廷宙

doi:10.19912/j.0254-0096.tynxb.2024-2106

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太阳能学报 ›› 2026, Vol. 47 ›› Issue (4) : 448-459. DOI: 10.19912/j.0254-0096.tynxb.2024-2106

生物质与褐煤共水热制复合型腐植酸钾及其应用研究

柳文娜¹, 李艳玲¹, 董丽静², 刘鹏¹, 孙堂磊¹, 雷廷宙¹

作者信息 +

COMPOUND POTASSIUM HUMATE BY HYDROTHERMAL SYNTHESIS FROM BIOMASS AND LIGNITE AND ITS APPLICATION

Liu Wenna¹, Li Yanling¹, Dong Lijing², Liu Peng¹, Sun Tanglei¹, Lei Tingzhou¹

Author information +

文章历史 +

摘要

为探究生物质与煤共水热过程中二者的协同效应以及原料混合比例变化对复合型腐植酸钾（MIXKHA）的影响,以宝清褐煤为矿物质原料、板栗外壳为生物质原料在KOH溶液中进行水热反应,制备矿源腐植酸钾（BLKHA）、生化腐植酸钾（CSKHA）和MIXKHA。采用傅里叶变换红外光谱（FTIR）、固体核磁碳谱（¹³C NMR）等表征手段分析宝清褐煤与板栗外壳共水热过程的结构变化,最后通过韭菜盆栽实验研究MIXKHA对植株生长及品质的影响。结果表明：相比BLKHA,MIXKHA的芳香性更低且含氧官能团更多,具有丰富的脂肪支链、羧基和酚羟基等结构,活性更高。宝清褐煤与板栗外壳共水热对MIXKHA产率（+0.23%~1.32%）以及MIXKHA中腐植酸（HA）含量（+0.09%~18.92%）的提高具有正向协同作用。原料混合比例的变化对MIXKHA产率（67.35%~77.41%）及HA含量（41.17%~79.14%）的影响较大且随宝清褐煤比例的增加而升高,MIXKHA中K₂O含量受原料混合比例的影响较小（21.31%~26.83%）且随板栗外壳比例的增加而升高。宝清褐煤与板栗外壳以2∶1质量比混合时制备的MIXKHA_2：1产率（76.60%）和HA含量（79.08%）均高于理论值且协同效果最佳,符合GB/T 33804—2017《农业用腐殖酸钾》中的一等品标准,将其作为有机肥料应用于韭菜盆栽实验发现,可促进韭菜叶茎部发育与根系生长,同时可提高韭菜的品质,是一种高效绿色有机钾肥。

Abstract

Compound potassium humate （MIXKHA）, synthesized from biomass and lignite under a biochemical/mineral binary system, is a high-potential green organic fertilizer with the advantages of both mineral potassium humate and biochemical potassium humate. In order to explore the synergistic effect between biomass and lignite and the effect of raw material ratio on the formation of MIXKHA during co-hydrothermal process, Baoqing lignite （BL） and chestnut shell （CS） were hated in KOH solution to synthesis mineral potassium humate （BLKHA）, biochemical potassium humate （CSKHA） and MIXKHA with different raw material ratios （3∶1- 1∶3）. FTIR and ¹³C NMR were used to analyze the structural changes of BL and CS after hydrothermal processes, and the effects of MIXKHA on plant growth and quality were studied using Chinese chive pot experiments. The results show that, compared with BLKHA, MIXKHA_1∶1 is with lower aromaticity, more oxygen-containing functional groups, rich fat branched chains, carboxyl groups, phenolic hydroxyl groups, and higher activity. The co-hydrothermal of BL and CS have a positive synergistic effect on the yield of MIXKHA （+0.23%-1.32%） and an increase in HA content in MIXKHA （+0.09%-18.92%）. The change in the raw material ratio has a significant effect on the MIXKHA yield （67.35%-77.41%） and HA content （41.17%-79.14%）. The MIXKHA yield and HA content increased with an increase in BL ratio, and the K₂O content in MIXKHA is less affected by the raw material ratio （21.31%-26.83%） increase with an increase in the CS ratio. When BL and CS are mixed in a ratio of 2∶1, the synergistic effect is the strongest. MIXKHA_2∶1 yield （76.60%） and HA content （79.08%） are apparently higher than theoretical values. MIXKHA_2∶1 could meet the first-class product standard in GB/T 33804—2017 potassium humate for agricultural use. When applied as organic fertilizer in a pot experiment, MIXKHA_2∶1 can improve the quality of Chinese chives while promoting the development of Chinese chives leaf stems and root growth, which is an efficient and eco-friendly organic potassium fertilizer. Moreover, the synthesis and application of MIXKHA broadens the way for the high-value utilization of lignite and biomass.

导出引用

柳文娜, 李艳玲, 董丽静, 刘鹏, 孙堂磊, 雷廷宙. 生物质与褐煤共水热制复合型腐植酸钾及其应用研究[J]. 太阳能学报. 2026, 47(4): 448-459 https://doi.org/10.19912/j.0254-0096.tynxb.2024-2106

Liu Wenna, Li Yanling, Dong Lijing, Liu Peng, Sun Tanglei, Lei Tingzhou. COMPOUND POTASSIUM HUMATE BY HYDROTHERMAL SYNTHESIS FROM BIOMASS AND LIGNITE AND ITS APPLICATION[J]. Acta Energiae Solaris Sinica. 2026, 47(4): 448-459 https://doi.org/10.19912/j.0254-0096.tynxb.2024-2106

中图分类号： TQ536.1 TQ444.6+3

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