液氢泄漏会迅速汽化并形成氢气云,存在安全风险,需开展机理研究。为此,基于CFD开源代码OpenFOAM开发了一套数值模型,以模拟液氢泄漏过程中的流动行为。该数值模型采用PIMPLE算法构建,能模拟包括多相流、多组分混合、相变、扩散传质和传热等复杂过程。在模型的有效性验证方面,采用NASA的大规模液氢泄漏实验数据作为参照,将数值模型预测结果与实验数据进行对比分析。对比内容包括氢气等值线分布、浓度随时间变化曲线、氢气浓度云图等。结果表明,模拟结果与实验数据吻合良好,最大局部偏差不超过30%,偏差均在可接受范围内,验证了模型的可靠性。详细介绍了数值模型的建立过程以及验证方法,旨在为液氢泄漏行为的数值模拟提供科学依据,并为液氢的安全应用提供理论支持。
Abstract
Liquid hydrogen leakage rapidly vaporizes and forms a hydrogen cloud, posing safety risks and necessitating mechanistic studies. To this end, this study develops a numerical model based on the open-source CFD code OpenFOAM to simulate multiphase flow behavior during liquid hydrogen leakage. The numerical model employs the PIMPLE algorithm, capable of simulating complex processes, including multiphase flow, multicomponent mixing, phase change, diffusion mass transfer, and heat transfer. For model validation, large-scale liquid hydrogen leak experimental data from NASA is used as a reference, comparing the model predictions with experimental data. The comparison includes hydrogen concentration contour distribution, time-varying concentration curves, and hydrogen concentration cloud maps. Results show a good agreement between simulation outcomes and experimental data, with deviations within acceptable limits, validating the model’s reliability. This paper provides a detailed description of the model development and validation methodology, aiming to offer a scientific basis for the numerical simulation of liquid hydrogen leak behavior and theoretical support for the safe application of liquid hydrogen.
关键词
氢气 /
低温液体 /
气体扩散 /
数值方法 /
液氢
Key words
hydrogen /
cryogenic liquid /
gas diffusion /
numerical methods /
liquid hydrogen
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基金
国家重点研发计划（2021YFB4000700）; 中国长江三峡集团有限公司科研项目（202103391）
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