由于光热电站中蒸发器运行温度高,壳程热流体熔盐与管程冷流体饱和水的温差明显,且壳程与管程的运行压力差异大,导致蒸发器中的换热管产生不可忽略的应力。建立壳程熔盐换热管的对流换热三维数理模型,分别计算温度载荷、压力载荷以及二者共同作用所引起的应力,探究温度和压力对换热管应力的影响,给出换热管在3种载荷下的应力变化规律。结果表明,相比于温度载荷,压力载荷对换热管应力的影响更为显著。随着负荷的升高,换热管最大总应力从40 MPa升至76.3 MPa,位置在第1个折流板缺口处。
Abstract
Due to the high operating temperature of the generator in the solar thermal power plant, the significant temperature difference between the molten salt （shell-side hot fluid） and the saturated water （tube-side cold fluid）, along with the substantial pressure differential between the shell and tube sides, induces considerable stress on the heat exchange tubes. This study establishes a three-dimensional numerical model for convective heat transfer of molten salt in the shell-side tubes. It calculates the stresses caused by thermal loads, pressure loads, and their combined effects, investigating the influence of temperature and pressure on tube stress. The stress distribution patterns under these three loading conditions are presented. The results indicate that pressure loads have a more significant impact on tube stress compared to thermal loads. As the thermal load increases, the maximum total stress on the heat exchange tube rises from 40 MPa to 76.3 MPa, occurring at the first baffle cut.
关键词
太阳能热发电 /
换热器 /
应力分析 /
流固耦合 /
熔盐
Key words
solar thermal power generation /
heat exchangers /
stress analysis /
fluid structure interaction /
molten salt
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基金
中国三峡新能源（集团）股份有限公司科研项目资助（合同编号：63034202B01）
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