为提高微通道分离式热管的能效,提出一种耦合天空辐射制冷的微通道分离式热管系统。基于流体体积方法,建立系统的数值计算传热模型,数值研究系统在不同天空有效温度下的换热特性。结果表明,与传统微通道分离式热管系统相比,耦合系统具有更高的工质流速和换热系数,显著提高了系统的制冷功率和能效比（EER）。由于受太阳辐射的影响,耦合系统在夜间的节能收益优于在白天的,相比于传统系统的性能提高率分别为11%~22.7%和6.6%~13.8%。天空有效温度越低,耦合系统的节能效果越显著。此外,探讨辐射制冷换热器面积、风量以及室内空气温度对系统性能的影响。研究发现,辐射制冷换热器面积越大,系统的制冷功率和EER越高。当辐射制冷换热器面积从0.15 m2增加到1.79 m2时,制冷功率由719 W增大到861 W,EER从9.22增大到11.04,两者均提高了19.7%。
Abstract
To enhance the energy efficiency of microchannel separated heat pipes, a microchannel separated heat pipe system coupled with sky radiative cooling has been proposed. A numerical heat transfer model of the proposed system is established based on the volume-of-fluid method. The is characteristics of the system under various effective sky temperatures are numerically studied. The results indicate that compared to traditional microchannel separated heat pipe systems, the coupled system has higher working fluid flow rates and heat transfer coefficients, and therefore higher cooling capacity and energy efficiency ratio （EER）. Due to the influence of solar radiation, energy saving potential by the coupled system is higher at night than in the daytime, with an improvement rate over the traditional system of 11%-22.7% and 6.6%-13.8%, respectively. The lower the effective sky temperature, the higher the energy saving potential can be obtained by the coupled system. Additionally, the influences of radiative cooling heat exchanger area, airflow rate, and indoor air temperature on the performance of the coupled system are discussed. It is found that the larger the radiative cooling heat exchanger area, the higher the cooling capacity and EER can be obtained. As the radiative cooling heat exchanger area increases from 0.15 m² to 1.79 m², the cooling capacity rises from 719 W to 861 W, and the EER ranges from 9.22 to 11.04, which are increased by 19.7%.
关键词
热管 /
辐射制冷 /
多相流 /
传热 /
数值模拟
Key words
heat pipes /
radiative cooling /
multiphase flow /
heat transfer /
numerical simulation
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基金
福建省自然科学基金（2023J01934）; 福建理工大学科研启动基金（GY-Z18005）; 南平市科技计划（N2023Y006）
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