该文研究了优化模糊PID控制器在质子交换膜（PEM）电解制氢系统中的应用,分析了系统温度对电解槽效率的影响及多级热回收结构对能效的提升。研究结果显示,优化后的模糊PID控制器能更快速、准确地控制温度,相较于传统PID和模糊PID控制器,水泵调节时间缩短了约70 s,超调量减少约4%。此外,设计的多级热回收结构在200 kW PEM电解系统中回收了47.98 kW的废热,使系统整体效率提升23.04%。研究表明,通过优化控制器及合理利用余热,可显著提升PEM电解水制氢系统的性能和能效,具有重要工程应用价值。
Abstract
Temperature is a critical factor influencing the performance of proton exchange membrane （PEM） electrolysis systems, making stable temperature control essential for ensuring both system safety and operational efficiency. This study investigates the application of an optimized fuzzy PID controller in PEM electrolytic hydrogen production systems. It analyzes the impact of system temperature on electrolyzer efficiency and explores the enhancement of energy efficiency through a multistage heat recovery structure. The findings demonstrate that the optimized fuzzy PID controller achieves faster and more precise temperature regulation compared to traditional PID and fuzzy PID controllers. Specifically, the pump regulation time is reduced by approximately 70 seconds, while overshoot is decreased by approximately 4%. Additionally, the multistage heat recovery structure enables the recovery of 47.98 kW of waste heat in a 200 kW PEM electrolysis system, resulting in a 23.04% improvement in overall system efficiency. These results underscore the significant potential of optimized controllers and efficient waste heat utilization to enhance the performance and energy efficiency of PEM electrolytic hydrogen production systems, highlighting their valuable implications for engineering applications.
关键词
制氢 /
电解 /
温度控制 /
PID控制 /
余热利用
Key words
hydrogen production /
electrolysis /
temperature control /
PID control /
waste heat utilization
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基金
国家重点研发计划（2020YFB1506802）; 国家自然科学基金智能电网联合基金重点支持项目（U24B20103）
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