采用计算流体动力学方法对垂直轴风力机叶尖端板开展研究，基于不同偏置距离和厚度构建9种端板类型，从而分析其几何参数对叶片整体性能影响。结果表明：端板偏置距离和厚度的增加可有效抑制叶尖损失引发的展向流动，提高叶片表面气动力，但端板表面形成的小尺度涡和其结构引发的大尺度尾涡将加剧叶片阻力，导致总体气动性能提升受限，且端板厚度是引发阻力的主要因素；当端板偏置距离为0.18c（c为叶片弦长），厚度为0.01c时，风力机风能利用率提高2.59%；端板对叶片气动性能的提升主要集中在相位角60°~120°及240°~300°范围内，而阻力在多数相位角内均存在。
Abstract
The paper uses the computational fluid dynamics method to study the endplate of three-dimensional vertical-axis wind turbine blade, and constructs nine types of endplates based on different offset distances and thicknesses, so as to analyze the influence of endplate geometric parameters on the overall performance of the blade. The results show that： with the increase of the offset distance and thickness of the end plate, the spanwise flow induced by the tip loss is effectively suppressed, which improves the aerodynamic force on the blade surface. However, the small-scale vortex structure formed on the surface of the endplate and the large-scale vortex structure of the wake induced by the endplate itself will aggravate the blade drag, resulting in a limited enhancement of the overall aerodynamic performance, and the thickness of the end plate is the main factor of the drag. When the offset distance is 0.18c, and the thickness is 0.01c, the power coefficient of the wind turbine is increased by 2.59%. The enhancement of the aerodynamic performance of the blade by the endplate is mainly concentrated in the phase angles of 60°~120 °and 240°~300 °, and the drag exists in most of the phase angles.
关键词
垂直轴风力机 /
计算流体动力学 /
气动性能 /
端板 /
叶尖损失 /
流动控制
Key words
vertical axis wind turbines /
computational fluid dynamics /
aerodynamics /
end plate /
tip loss /
flow control
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基金
国家重点研发计划（2024YFA1012500）; 国家自然科学基金（52106262; 52376204); 上海市IV类高峰学科-能源科学与技术-上海非碳基能源转换与利用研究院建设项目
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