以江苏大丰某海上风电场为例,基于代表机位实测水下地形测量资料,分析其桩基局部冲刷特征和冲刷坑演变过程,探讨冲刷坑演变过程的机制。结果表明：1）桩周海床冲刷坑呈现漏斗状,平面形态呈现长轴沿涨、落潮主流方向的椭圆形,冲刷坑长度和冲刷坑最大冲刷深度呈较好的线性相关性,冲刷坑最大冲刷深度均出现在桩基面向落潮流的一侧,最大深度分别为25#机位7~8 m、55#机位5~6 m。2）2021年12月—2022年9月期间,冲刷坑经历先冲刷后淤积、总体冲刷的冲淤调整过程,冲刷主要分布在冲刷坑外围,淤积主要分布在冲刷坑内部桩基附近,受2022年9月台风“梅花”过境影响,冲刷坑出现一定程度的回淤。3）鉴于冲刷坑的尺寸和深度较大,建议将水下地形监测扩大至场区所有机位并及时采取防冲刷措施,防止冲刷坑的进一步发育。
Abstract
Taking an offshore wind farm in Dafeng, Jiangsu Province as an example, based on the measured underwater terrain data of representative turbine positions, this study analyzes the local erosion characteristics of the pile foundation and the evolution process of the erosion pit, and explores the mechanism of the erosion pit evolution process. The results show that： 1） There is a funnel-shaped scour hole developed on the seabed near the pile foundation, and the planar shape of the scour hole is elliptical. The long axis of the ellipse follows the mainstream direction of the rising and falling currents. The length of the scour hole is linearly correlated with the maximum scour depth of the scour hole. The maximum scour depth of the scour hole occurs on the side of the pile foundation facing the falling current, with a maximum depth of 7-8 meters for the 25# machine position and 5-6 meters for the 55# machine position. 2） During the period from December 2021 to September 2022, the scouring pit underwent a process of first scouring and then siltation, and overall scouring and siltation adjustment. The scouring is mainly distributed on the periphery of the scouring pit, and the siltation is mainly distributed near the pile foundation inside the scouring pit. In September 2022, the impact of Typhoon Muifa caused a certain degree of siltation in the scouring pit. 3） Given the large size and depth of the scour hole, it is recommended to expand underwater terrain monitoring to all machine positions in the site area and take timely anti scour measures to prevent further development of the scour hole.
关键词
海上风电 /
单桩基础 /
局部冲刷 /
水下地形测量 /
冲刷坑演变 /
冲刷坑长度 /
冲刷坑密度
Key words
offshore wind power /
single pile foundation /
local scour /
underwater topographic survey /
scour pit development /
scouring length /
scouring width
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基金
中国长江三峡集团有限公司科研项目（202003122）
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