利用有限元方法,将固体力学模型和扩散模型相结合,构建应力诱导氢扩散模型,并研究不同塑性应变条件下含腐蚀缺陷的X65钢的应力、等效塑性应变及氢浓度分布。结果表明,塑性应变显著增加了缺陷区域的应力、等效塑性应变以及氢浓度。塑性应变会使试样整体的von Mises应力升高,而静水应力和等效塑性应变的显著升高则主要集中在腐蚀缺陷的中心区域。在无塑性应变时,氢原子的扩散主要受浓度梯度驱动,从高浓度向低浓度区域均匀扩散;而在施加应变后,氢原子则受到静水应力的驱动,向高应变区域聚集。此外,窄且深的缺陷更易导致氢原子的局部积聚,而缺陷的形状对氢浓度分布的影响相对较小。
Abstract
This study establishes a three-dimensional stress-induced hydrogen diffusion model by using finite element analysis and simulates the plastic strain at the defects and its influence on the diffusion and aggregation behaviour of hydrogen atoms under large deformation conditions by using the nonlinear hardening function. The results show that the plastic strain significantly increases the local stress, the equivalent plastic strain, and the hydrogen concentration in the corrosion defect region. Plastic strain increases the overall von Mises stress in the specimen, while the significant increase in hydrostatic stress and equivalent plastic strain is mainly concentrated in the central region of the corrosion defect. In the absence of plastic strain, the diffusion of hydrogen atoms is mainly driven by the concentration gradient, and the flow direction is from the region of high concentration to the region of low concentration, which ultimately leads to a steady state of hydrogen atom concentration inside the specimen. However, when plastic strain exists, the diffusion behaviour of hydrogen atoms is driven by the hydrostatic stress gradient, which is manifested by the aggregation of hydrogen atoms towards the stress concentration region （i.e., at the corrosion defect）. In addition, narrow and deep corrosion defects are more likely to lead to local accumulation of hydrogen atoms, while the shape of the defect has relatively little effect on the distribution of hydrogen concentration.
关键词
氢能 /
氢脆 /
塑性应变 /
数值模拟 /
X65管道钢 /
腐蚀缺陷 /
氢扩散
Key words
hydrogen energy /
hydrogen embrittlement /
plastic strain /
numerical simulation /
X65 pipeline steel /
corrosion defects /
hydrogen diffusion
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基金
国家自然科学基金青年基金项目（52404058）; 辽宁省博士科研启动基金（2023-BS-187）; 辽宁省教育厅基本科研项目（LJKMZ20220734）
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