通过实验和仿真探讨不同季节下光伏组件不同位置附加辐射制冷膜对其热电性能的影响。结果表明,在正面附加辐射制冷膜可显著降温,但因透射率下降导致电性能损失近70%;而背面附加膜在夏季平均降温5.08 ℃,功率约提升2%,维持高光电转换效率的同时可有效降低组件温度,在热管理和发电效率的综合方面表现更为优越。夏季时背面贴膜具有良好的降温效果,而在冬季平均环境温度为-10 ℃的低温环境下,组件温差降低0.59 ℃,通过减小温差的方式可延长使用寿命。同时,辐射制冷效果受辐照度、环境温度及风速的影响,高温高辐照度下贴膜降温效果更突出,而增强对流会削弱其降温效果。
Abstract
This paper explores the effects of attaching radiative cooling films at different positions of solar cells in different seasons on their thermoelectric performance through experiments and simulations. The results show that attaching a radiative cooling film on the front side can significantly reduce temperature, but due to the decrease in transmittance, the electrical performance is lost by nearly 70%; while attaching a film on the back side can reduce the average temperature by 5.08 ℃ in summer, and the power is approximately increased by 2%, maintaining a high photoelectric conversion efficiency while effectively reducing the module temperature, In terms of the comprehensive performance of thermal management and power generation efficiency, it performs even better. In summer, the film on the back side has a good cooling effect, and in a low-temperature environment with an average ambient temperature of -10 ℃ in winter, the temperature difference of the module decreases by 0.59 ℃. By reducing the temperature difference, the service life can be extended. At the same time, the radiative cooling effect is affected by irradiance, ambient temperature and wind speed. The cooling effect of attaching a film is more prominent under high temperature and high irradiance conditions, while enhancing convection will weaken its cooling effect.
关键词
辐射制冷 /
光伏组件 /
热管理 /
热电性能 /
光电转换效率 /
降温效果
Key words
radiative cooling /
photovoltaic modules /
thermal management /
thermoelectric performance /
photoelectric conversion efficiency /
cooling effect
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基金
新疆维吾自治区重大科技专项课题（2023A01005-2）; 新疆维吾尔自治区自然科学基金（2022D01C87）
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