为研究公路边坡地形下光伏组件的风致荷载特性,基于风洞试验方法对填切型公路边坡上光伏组件风荷载特性进行分析研究,揭示风向角、坡角、组件倾角对边坡光伏组件风荷载的影响,结果表明：1）位于不同位置的边坡光伏组件的体型系数也不相同,均会随风向角的增大而减小,不利风向角下光伏组件体型系数的上限极值出现在0°~40°风向角内,下限极值出现在110°~160°内,通过体型系数云图可发现位于边坡下部的光伏组件与地面光伏组件表面风荷载分布相似,而边坡上部组件表面体型系数较为紊乱;2）同一坡角下改变组件倾角对不同位置组件的影响不同,倾角增大时组件表面压力增大但增幅不同,而对于不同坡角下相同倾角的组件,其所表现出的载荷特征也不同;3）对边坡光伏组件以及地面光伏组件进行脉动风压频域分析,发现组件前缘位置低频段频谱较为相似,而由于受边坡地形影响,下部边坡组件受高频脉动影响大于上部边坡组件与地面组件。
Abstract
In order to study the wind load characteristics of PV modules on the highway slopes, this paper analyzes and studies the wind load characteristics of PV modules on fill-cut highway slopes based on the wind tunnel test method, and reveals the effects of wind direction angle, slope angle, and module inclination angle on the wind load of PV modules on the slopes, and the results show that： 1） the wind load form factor of the PV modules on the slopes located in different positions are not the same, but they all change from large to small with the increase of the wind direction angle, the upper limit extreme value of the wind load form factor of PV modules under unfavorable wind direction angle appears in 0°-40°, and the lower limit extreme value appears in 110°-160°. Through the cloud diagram of the wind load form factor, it can be found that the components located in the lower part of the slope have similar the surface wind load distribution with the ground-mounted PV module, while the surface wind load form factor of the components in the upper part of the slope is more disordered; 2） the impact of changing the module tilt angle under the same slope but different locations on the components is different, the larger tilt angle increases the surface pressure of the module, but the increase of the two components is different, and for components A and B with the same inclination Angle at different slope angles, the load characteristics they exhibit are also different; 3） The frequency domain analysis of fluctuating wind pressure on the slope PV modules and ground-mounted PV modules reveals that the low-frequency spectra at the leading edge of the modules are relatively similar, and due to the influence of slope topography, the lower slope modules are affected by high-frequency pulsations more than that of the upper slope modules and the ground-mounted modules.
关键词
光伏组件 /
公路边坡 /
风致载荷 /
交能融合 /
风洞试验
Key words
PV module /
highway slope /
wind load characteristics /
transportation and energy /
wind tunnel test
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基金
国家自然科学基金面上项目（52278479）
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