基于保守功率理论的无锁相环控制策略及稳定性增强方法

屈克庆; 宿世杰; 毛玲; 赵晋斌; 黄禹辰; 高畅

doi:10.19912/j.0254-0096.tynxb.2025-0324

PDF(2948 KB)

太阳能学报 ›› 2026, Vol. 47 ›› Issue (7) : 675-684. DOI: 10.19912/j.0254-0096.tynxb.2025-0324

基于保守功率理论的无锁相环控制策略及稳定性增强方法

屈克庆¹, 宿世杰¹, 毛玲¹, 赵晋斌², 黄禹辰¹, 高畅¹

作者信息 +

CONSERVATIVE POWER THEORY-BASED PHASE-LOCKED LOOP-FREE CONTROL STRATEGY AND STABILITY ENHANCEMENT METHODOLOGY

Qu Keqing¹, Su Shijie¹, Mao Ling¹, Zhao Jinbin², Huang Yuchen¹, Gao Chang¹

Author information +

文章历史 +

摘要

针对弱电网下并网逆变器的锁相环（PLL）因引入低频段负阻特性,在高电网阻抗条件下易导致系统失稳的问题,提出一种基于改进二阶广义积分器（ISOGI）和保守功率理论（CPT）的单相无锁相环控制方法。该方法利用CPT中无偏积分和ISOGI进行相位跟踪,替代锁相环;同时经阻抗建模分析,该方法能够有效扩展其对电网阻抗的适应范围,在极弱电网以及在电网含有高次谐波与直流分量情况下,相较于PLL控制具有更强的稳定性及鲁棒性。最后,实验验证理论分析的正确性。

Abstract

To address the instability issue of grid-connected inverters caused by the negative-resistance characteristic introduced by phase-locked loops （PLLs） in low-frequency range under high grid impedance conditions in weak grids, this paper proposes a single-phase PLL-free control method based on an improved second-order generalized integrator （ISOGI） and conservative power theory （CPT）.The proposed method employs the unbiased integration in CPT combined with ISOGI for phase tracking, effectively replacing conventional PLLs. Impedance modeling analysis demonstrates that this approach significantly extends the grid impedance adaptability range. Compared with PLL-based control methods, it exhibits enhanced stability and robustness under extremely weak grid conditions with high-order harmonics and DC components in grid voltage. Finally, experimental results validate the correctness of the theoretical analysis.

导出引用

屈克庆, 宿世杰, 毛玲, 赵晋斌, 黄禹辰, 高畅. 基于保守功率理论的无锁相环控制策略及稳定性增强方法[J]. 太阳能学报. 2026, 47(7): 675-684 https://doi.org/10.19912/j.0254-0096.tynxb.2025-0324

Qu Keqing, Su Shijie, Mao Ling, Zhao Jinbin, Huang Yuchen, Gao Chang. CONSERVATIVE POWER THEORY-BASED PHASE-LOCKED LOOP-FREE CONTROL STRATEGY AND STABILITY ENHANCEMENT METHODOLOGY[J]. Acta Energiae Solaris Sinica. 2026, 47(7): 675-684 https://doi.org/10.19912/j.0254-0096.tynxb.2025-0324

中图分类号： TM464

参考文献

[1] 孙标广, 杨泽昆. 基于二阶相位补偿器的LCL型并网逆变器电容电流反馈有源阻尼策略[J]. 太阳能学报, 2024, 45(8): 229-239.
Sun B G, Yang Z K.Capacitor current feedback active damping strategy for LCL grid connected inverter based on second-order phase compensator[J]. Acta Energiae Solaris Sinica, 2024, 45(8): 229-239.
[2] 张立彬, 金裕嘉, 潘国兵, 等. LCL型并网逆变器组合滤波前馈控制策略研究[J]. 太阳能学报, 2021, 42(12): 388-394.
Zhang L B, Jin Y J, Pan G B, et al.Combined filtering feedforward control strategy for LCL-type grid-connected inverters[J]. Acta Energiae Solaris Sinica, 2021, 42(12): 388-394.
[3] 程成, 谢少军, 张晴晴, 等. 计及锁相环动态的单相并网逆变器建模及稳定性研究综述[J]. 中国电机工程学报, 2024, 44(1): 255-268.
Cheng C, Xie S J, Zhang Q Q, et al.Overview of modeling and stability analysis for single-phase grid-connected inverters considering phase-locked loop dynamics[J]. Proceedings of the CSEE, 2024, 44(1): 255-268.
[4] 杨立永, 杜凯, 常奥宇, 等. L+LCL型双频单相并网逆变器参数设计及控制方法研究[J]. 太阳能学报, 2021, 42(8): 57-65.
Yang L Y, Du K, Chang A Y, et al.Research on parameter design and control method of L+LCL dual frequency single phase grid-connected inverter[J]. Acta Energiae Solaris Sinica, 2021, 42(8): 57-65.
[5] 许津铭, 乔瑜, 罗运虎, 等. 开环同步型单相并网逆变器小干扰建模与弱电网下稳定性分析[J]. 中国电机工程学报, 2024, 44(15): 6136-6145, I0025.
Xu J M, Qiao Y, Luo Y H, et al.Small-disturbance modeling and stability analysis of single-phase grid-tied inverter with open-loop synchronization under weak grid[J]. Proceedings of the CSEE, 2024, 44(15): 6136-6145, I0025.
[6] 郭磊磊, 叶青洋, 金楠, 等. 一种基于双定频SOGI与交叉补偿的三相锁相环设计方法[J]. 电力系统保护与控制, 2024, 52(12): 133-142.
Guo L L, Ye Q Y, Jin N, et al.A three-phase phase-locked loop design method based on improved frequency-fixed DSOGI and cross-compensation[J]. Power system Protection and Control, 2024, 52(12): 133-142.
[7] 韩应生, 孙海顺, 秦世耀, 等. 电压源型双馈风电并网系统小扰动低频稳定性分析[J]. 电工技术学报, 2023, 38(5): 1312-1324.
Han Y S, Sun H S, Qin S Y, et al.Low-frequency stability analysis of voltage-sourced doubly-fed wind power grid-connected system under small disturbance[J]. Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society, 2023, 38(5): 1312-1324.
[8] Xu J M, Qian Q, Zhang B F, et al.Harmonics and stability analysis of single-phase grid-connected inverters in distributed power generation systems considering phase-locked loop impact[J]. IEEE Transactions on Sustainable Energy, 2019, 10(3): 1470-1480.
[9] 许津铭, 卞申一阳, 钱强, 等. 弱电网下基于电网电流前馈的单相逆变器锁相环[J]. 中国电机工程学报, 2020, 40(8): 2647-2656.
Xu J M, Bian S, Qian Q, et al.Grid current feedforward based phase-locked loop for single-phase-inverters in weak grid case[J]. Proceedings of the CSEE, 2020, 40(8): 2647-2656.
[10] 宋绍剑, 刘延扬, 刘斌, 等. 基于阻抗的电动汽车并网逆变器的稳定性分析[J]. 电机与控制学报, 2019, 23(4): 111-119.
Song S J, Liu Y Y, Liu B, et al.Impedance-based stability analysis of grid-connected inverter for electric vehicle[J]. Electric Machines and Control, 2019, 23(4): 111-119.
[11] Kim B H, Sul S K.Shaping of PWM converter admittance for stabilizing local electric power systems[J]. IEEE Journal of Emerging and Selected Topics In Power Electronics, 2016, 4(4): 1452-1461.
[12] 刘启德, 王海云, 王浩成, 等. 基于滤波器前置的三相软件锁相环设计[J]. 电力自动化设备, 2021, 41(7): 124-129, 151.
Liu Q D, Wang H Y, Wang H C, et al.Design of three-phase software phase locked loop based on prefilter[J]. Electric Power Automation Equipment, 2021, 41(7): 124-129, 151.
[13] Chen X, Zhang Y, Wang S S, et al.Impedance-phased dynamic control method for grid-connected inverters in a weak grid[J]. IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics, 2017, 32(1): 274-283.
[14] 杨明, 杨倬, 李玉龙, 等. 弱电网下基于电网电压前馈的并网逆变器阻抗重塑控制策略[J]. 电工技术学报, 2024, 39(8): 2553-2566.
Yang M, Yang Z, Li Y L, et al.Impedance remodeling control strategy of grid-connected inverter based on feedforward voltage under weak grid[J]. Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society, 2024, 39(8): 2553-2566.
[15] Gui Y H, Wang X F, Blaabjerg F.Vector current control derived from direct power control for grid-connected inverters[J]. IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics, 2019, 34(9): 9224-9235.
[16] Yadav R K, Chaudhari M A, Raja Sekhar K S. Modeling and design of PLL-less current controller for grid connected inverter[C]//2022 International Conference on Electrical, Computer, Communications and Mechatronics Engineering (ICECCME). Maldives, Maldives, 2022: 1-6.
[17] Khan A, Easley M, Hosseinzadehtaher M, et al.PLL-less active and reactive power controller for grid-following inverter[C]//2020 IEEE Energy Conversion Congress and Exposition (ECCE). Detroit, MI, USA, 2020: 4322-4328.
[18] 吴超, 赵统, 王尽颢, 等. 基于电压矩阵的跟网变流器无锁相环控制的本质特征与提升策略[J]. 电力系统自动化, 2024, 48(21): 138-147.
Wu C, Zhao T, Wang J H, et al.Essential characteristics and improved strategy of voltage matrix based control of grid-following converter without phase-locked loop[J]. Automation of Electric Power Systems, 2024, 48(21): 138-147.
[19] Cheng P, Nian H.Direct power control of voltage source inverter in a virtual synchronous reference frame during frequency variation and network unbalance[J]. IET Power Electronics, 2016, 9(3): 502-511.
[20] 年珩, 李龙奇, 程鹏. 谐波电压下并网逆变器的无锁相环直接功率控制[J]. 中国电机工程学报, 2017, 37(11): 3243-3253.
Nian H, Li L Q, Cheng P.Direct power control of grid-tied voltage source inverter without phase-locked loop under distorted voltage conditions[J]. Proceedings of the CSEE, 2017, 37(11): 3243-3253.
[21] Dong X F, Li H.A PLL-less voltage sensorless direct deadbeat control for a SiC grid-tied inverter with LVRT capability under wide-range grid impedance[J]. IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics, 2023, 38(8): 9469-9481.
[22] 吴恒, 阮新波, 杨东升. 弱电网条件下锁相环对LCL型并网逆变器稳定性的影响研究及锁相环参数设计[J]. 中国电机工程学报, 2014, 34(30): 5259-5268.
Wu H, Ruan X B, Yang D S.Research on the stability caused by phase-locked loop for LCL-type grid-connected inverter in weak grid condition[J]. Proceedings of the CSEE, 2014, 34(30): 5259-5268.
[23] 丁勇, 茆美琴. CPT及IRPT多场景电流分解对比及分析[J]. 电力自动化设备, 2023, 43(1): 166-173.
Ding Y, Mao M Q.Comparison and analysis of CPT-and IRPT-based current decomposition in multi-scenario[J]. Electric power automation equipment, 2023, 43(1): 166-173.
[24] Busarello T D C, Mortezaei A, PéRes A, et al. Application of the conservative power theory current decomposition in a load power-sharing strategy among distributed energy resources[J]. IEEE transactions on industry applications, 2018, 54(4): 3771-3781.
[25] Zhang J T, Mao M Q, Chang L C, et al.Novel PLL-less control strategy for single-phase grid-connected inverter based on SOGI-CPT[C]//2023 IEEE PELS Students and Young Professionals Symposium (SYPS). Shanghai, China, 2023: 1-6.
[26] 张纯江, 赵晓君, 郭忠南, 等. 二阶广义积分器的三种改进结构及其锁相环应用对比分析[J]. 电工技术学报, 2017, 32(22): 42-49.
Zhang C J, Zhao X J, Guo Z N, et al.Three improved second order generalized integrators and the comparative analysis in phase locked loop application[J]. Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society, 2017, 32(22): 42-49.