针对超大型风电机组调频能力受运行状态动态约束的问题,提出基于动态调频潜力系数的自适应虚拟惯量控制（FPC-AVIC）。以IEA 15 MW直驱式风电机组为研究对象,定量评估其转子动能调频能力,揭示转子动能与变流器容量的动态耦合机理。通过定义动态调频潜力系数量化机组实时调频能力边界并设计自适应控制框架,动态调整调频贡献强度。进一步设计指数型转速恢复方法,抑制转速恢复阶段的功率突变。仿真结果表明：与比例-微分（PD）虚拟惯量控制相比,FPC-AVIC将频率二次跌落最低点从49.50 Hz提升至49.64 Hz;结合指数恢复方法后,机组功率与转速平滑过渡,系统频率恢复过程未出现明显二次跌落。
Abstract
To address the dynamic operational constraints limiting frequency modulation capabilities in super-large wind turbines,this study proposes a Dynamic Frequency Modulation Potential Coefficient-based Adaptive Virtual Inertia Control （FPC-AVIC）.Using the IEA 15 MW direct-drive wind turbine as a case study,we establish a quantitative evaluation framework for rotor kinetic energy's frequency regulation capacity while elucidating the dynamic coupling mechanism between rotor kinetic energy and converter capacity.Through the introduction of a dynamic frequency modulation potential coefficient,the real-time boundary of frequency modulation capability is systematically quantified, enabling the development of an adaptive control framework that dynamically adjusts frequency regulation contribution intensity. Additionally, an exponential speed recovery strategy is formulated to mitigate power transients during the speed restoration phase. Simulation results demonstrate that compared with PD virtual inertia control,the proposed FPC-AVIC elevates the secondary frequency dip nadir from 49.50 Hz to 49.64 Hz.When integrated with the exponential recovery strategy, the system achieves smooth power/speed transitions and eliminates observable secondary frequency drops during grid recovery processes.
关键词
风电机组 /
一次调频 /
虚拟惯量控制 /
自适应控制 /
频率二次跌落 /
调频能力 /
转速恢复
Key words
wind turbines /
primary frequency regulation /
virtual inertia control /
adaptive control /
secondary frequency drop /
frequency regulation capability /
rotational speed recovery
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