以陕西关中地区某蝴蝶兰温室建筑为例,结合蝴蝶兰的实际生长需求分析该类农业温室建筑的用能负荷特性,并在考虑柔性负荷的前提下对太阳能-生物质能综合能源系统进行优化设计。结果表明：1）蝴蝶兰温室建筑全年的用能特征在休眠期、快速生长期、花期3个阶段各不相同：休眠期以供热、通风等刚性负荷为主,快速生长期和花期则因增加灌溉、补光、运输设备充电等柔性负荷而具备一定的柔性调控潜力;2）柔性负荷调控使系统费用年值在有/无分时电价两种情景下分别下降8.42%和3.01%。当考虑分时电价时,系统日运行费用因柔性负荷调控而在休眠期、快速生长期、花期3个典型日分别下降5.89%、12.93%、7.60%;3）光伏组件价格变化对系统费用年值影响较大,柔性负荷调控可在一定程度上减小光伏组件价格波动对系统费用年值的影响。
Abstract
A solar-biomass integrated energy system can be used to address the low-carbon energy supply needs of agricultural greenhouse buildings. However, because the energy load patterns of greenhouse buildings are shaped by crop growth requirements and therefore have certain distinctive characteristics, conventional energy system optimization design methods are difficult to apply directly. Taking a Phalaenopsis greenhouse building in the Guanzhong region of Shaanxi Province as an example, this paper analyzes the energy load characteristics of such agricultural greenhouse buildings based on the actual growth requirements of Phalaenopsis, and optimizes the design of a solar-biomass integrated energy system while considering flexible loads.The results indicate：the annual energy consumption patterns of Phalaenopsis greenhouses vary across three distinct phases： dormancy （dominated by rigid loads such as heating and ventilation）, rapid growth, and flowering （featuring flexible loads from irrigation, supplemental lighting, and transport equipment charging, enabling load flexibility）.Flexible load management reduces the annualized system cost by 8.42% and 3.01% under scenarios with and without time-of-use （TOU） electricity pricing, respectively. During typical days representing dormancy, rapid growth, and flowering phases, daily operational costs decrease by 5.89%, 12.93%, and 7.60% when TOU pricing is considered.Photovoltaic module price fluctuations significantly impact the annualized system cost, but flexible load control mitigates this effect to some extent.
关键词
农业温室建筑 /
柔性负荷 /
太阳能 /
生物质能 /
综合能源系统 /
优化设计
Key words
agricultural greenhouse buildings /
flexible loads /
solar energy /
biomass energy /
integrated energy system /
optimal design
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基金
国家自然科学基金面上项目（52378109）
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