为探究风电叶片的结构耦合机理,以NREL-5 MW风力机为研究对象,基于欧拉伯努利梁理论推导可考虑结构多自由度耦合的自由振动方程,分析剪切、弯扭耦合、挥摆耦合和轴弯耦合对叶片固有模态的影响。结果表明,剪切会导致挥舞和摆振方向的频率有所降低,二阶挥舞和二阶摆振分别降低约4.7%和1.0%;弯扭耦合会导致弯曲频率降低、扭转频率增高,且阶数越高变化幅度越大,三阶摆振降低3.1%,二阶扭转增加1.6%;挥摆耦合对摆振特性的影响显著高于其对挥舞特性的影响,轴弯耦合在3种耦合中影响最小。在振型方面,弯扭耦合和轴弯耦合对低阶弯曲振型的影响较小,挥摆耦合是导致弯曲振型出现明显耦合的主要原因。
Abstract
In order to explore the mechanism of structural coupling on vibration characters of wind turbine blades, a free vibration equation of NREL-5 MW wind turbine blade is derived based on Euler-Bernoulli beam theory, and the effects of shear effect, bend-twist coupling, flap-lag coupling and axial-flexural coupling on the natural modes of the blades are analyzed. The results show that the shear effect decreases the flapwise and edgewise natural frequency, and the second flapwise frequency and the second edgewise frequency decrease by 4.7% and 1% separately. Affected by bend-twist coupling, the bending frequency decreases and the torsional frequency increases, and the effect is more notable for high order natural mode. The effect of the flap-lag coupling on edgewise vibration frequency is greater than that on flapwise, and the effect of the axial-flexural coupling is the least for edgewise and flapwise natural frequency. In terms of vibration modes, both bend-twist coupling and axial-flexural have little influence on the low order vibration modes, and the flap-lag coupling is the main reason for the obvious coupling of the bending vibration modes.
关键词
风力机 /
风电叶片 /
结构分析 /
固有频率 /
梁模型 /
弯扭耦合 /
挥摆耦合
Key words
wind turbines /
wind turbine blades /
structural analysis /
natural frequencies /
beam model /
bend-twist coupling /
flap-lag coupling
{{custom_sec.title}}
{{custom_sec.title}}
{{custom_sec.content}}
参考文献
[1] 李文超, 李学敏, 赵朋. 基于弯扭耦合的风力机叶片结构研究[J]. 科学技术创新, 2021(3): 139-141.
Li W C, Li X M, Zhao P.Research on wind turbine blade structure based on bending and torsion coupling[J]. Scientific and Technological Innovation, 2021(3): 139-141.
[2] Zhou J W, Wen S R, Li F M, et al.Coupled bending and torsional vibrations of non-uniform thin-walled beams by the transfer differential transform method and experiments[J]. Thin-Walled Structures, 2018, 127: 373-388.
[3] Stäblein A R, Hansen M H, Pirrung G.Fundamental aeroelastic properties of a bend-twist coupled blade section[J]. Journal of Fluids and Structures, 2017, 68: 72-89.
[4] 曲珍壮, 夏鸿建, 李德源, 等. 弯扭耦合对风力机叶片气弹模态特性的影响[J]. 新能源进展, 2023, 11(4): 333-339.
Qu Z Z, Xia H J, Li D Y, et al.Effect of bending-torsion coupling on aeroelastic modal characteristics of wind turbine blades[J]. Advances in New and Renewable Enengy, 2023, 11(4): 333-339.
[5] 罗涛, 巫发明, 黄剑锋, 等. 弯扭耦合长柔叶片颤振速度分析[J]. 太阳能学报, 2024, 45(3): 90-94.
Luo T, Wu F M, Huang J F, et al.Flutter speed analysis of bend-twist coupled long flexible blade[J]. Acta Energiae Solaris Sinica, 2024, 45(3): 90-94.
[6] 黎浩, 夏鸿建, 李德源, 等. 基于协同仿真的后掠型风力机气弹响应分析[J]. 太阳能学报, 2023, 44(7): 447-455.
Li H, Xia H J, Li D Y, et al.Aerodynamic response analysis of back-swept wind turbine based on co-simulation[J]. Acta Energiae Solaris Sinica, 2023, 44(7): 447-455.
[7] 王海生, 缪维跑, 张立, 等. 基于主梁腹板构型的大型风力机弯扭耦合叶片结构性能研究[J]. 太阳能学报, 2023, 44(3): 29-38.
Wang H S, Miao W P, Zhang L, et al.Research on main girder web configuration of bend-twist coupling blade of large wind turbine with composite laying[J]. Acta Energiae Solaris Sinica, 2023, 44(3): 29-38.
[8] 付凌峰, 姜鑫, 孙震, 等. 碳/玻混杂纤维铺层结构对风力机叶片弯扭耦合特性的影响[J]. 复合材料学报, 2023, 40(7): 3912-3920.
Fu L F, Jiang X, Sun Z, et al.Influence of carbon/glass hybrid fiber layup structure on the bending-twisting coupling behavior of wind turbine blades[J]. Acta Materiae Compositae Sinica, 2023, 40(7): 3912-3920.
[9] Bagherpour T, Li X M, Manolas D I, et al.Modeling of material bend-twist coupling on wind turbine blades[J]. Composite Structures, 2018, 193: 237-246.
[10] 冯云凌, 夏鸿建, 李德源, 等. 风力机后掠式叶片的弯扭耦合特性分析[J]. 太阳能学报, 2020, 41(11): 220-227.
Feng Y L, Xia H J, Li D Y, et al.Bend-twist coupling analysis for back-swept wind turbine blades[J]. Acta Energiae Solaris Sinica, 2020, 41(11): 220-227.
[11] 陈刚, 陈进, 庞晓平. 水平轴风力机叶片挥摆耦合气弹响应分析[J]. 太阳能学报, 2020, 41(5): 70-76.
Chen G, Chen J, Pang X P.Analysis on bending-bending coupled aeroelastic response of horizontal axiswind turbine blades[J]. Acta Energiae Solaris Sinica, 2020, 41(5): 70-76.
[12] 周经纬. 水平轴风力发电机叶片叶轮系统的动力学与控制[D]. 北京: 北京工业大学, 2020.
Zhou J W.Dynamics and vibration control of a horizontal axis wind turbine blade and rotor[D]. Beijing: Beijing University of Technology, 2020.
[13] 徐斌, 高跃飞, 余龙. MATLAB有限元结构动力学分析与工程应用[M]. 北京: 清华大学出版社, 2009.
Xu B, Gao Y F, Yu L.MATLAB finite element structural dynamics analysis and engineering applications[M]. Beijing: Tsinghua University Press, 2009.
[14] Jonkman J, Butterfield S, Musial W, et al.Definition of a 5 MW reference wind turbine for offshore system development[R]. NREL, 2009.
PDF(1274 KB)
