为探索朝向对中空光伏窗空腔水冷降温及发电的影响,通过搭建对比实测小室,在厦门地区夏季对比实测不同朝向下空腔水冷光伏窗的表面温度和发电量。研究结论表明,在相同供水流量下,光伏窗水冷降温增电效果主要与窗体垂直面受太阳辐照度和时长及供水温度有关,其所受太阳辐照度越大时间越长供水温度越低,水冷降温增电效果越好;朝向对光伏窗内外表面降温有显著影响,降温效果排序为东南向（44.1%）≈东向（44.0%）>西向（41.7%）>西南向（38.3%）>南向（36.9%）;不同朝向下光伏窗水冷发电量具有明显差异,日增电效率排序为南向（34.6%）>西南向（23.1%）>西向（16.7%）>东南向（11.9%）>东向（6.7%）;水流降温能有效带走窗体内热量,当供水流量不变时,进出水的热量变化与累计辐射比值排序为南向>东南向>西向≈西南向≈东向。
Abstract
This study investigates the impacts of orientations on the performance of water flow cooling and power generation improvement in hollow photovoltaic （PV） window. By building two chambers with hollow PV windows, the surface temperatures and power generation with different orientations were measured during summer in Xiamen area. The research results indicate that under the same water supply flow rate, the water-cooling effect of photovoltaic Windows for cooling and power enhancement is mainly related to the solar radiation intensity and duration on the vertical surface of the window and the water supply temperature. The greater the solar radiation it receives and the longer the duration, the lower the water supply temperature, and the better the water-cooling effect for cooling and power enhancement. Also indicate that, the orientations had a significant impact on the temperature reduction of the inner and outer surfaces of the PV window. The ranking of the cooling effect is： southeast orientation （44.1%）≈east orientation（44.0%）>west orientation （41.7%）>southwest orientation（38.3%）>south orientation （36.9%）. Furthermore, the orientations of the PV window have a significant impact on the daily power generation. The ranking of the percentage increase in power generation is： south orientation（34.6%）>southwest orientation （23.1%）>west orientation （16.7%）>southeast orientation（11.9%）>east orientation （6.7%）. Finally, water cooling could effectively absorb the heat from window. When the water supply flow rate remains constant, the ratio of the water heat variation to the cumulative radiation is ranked as follows： south-facing > southeast-facing>west-facing≈southwest-facing≈east-facing.
关键词
光伏发电 /
水流冷却 /
碲化镉 /
窗体朝向 /
中空光伏窗 /
主动冷却
Key words
PV power generation /
water cooling /
cadmium telluride /
window orientation /
hollow photovoltaic window /
active cooling
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基金
厦门市自然科学基金（3502Z202473052）
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