为获取与西部强辐射地区匹配的冬季室内计算温度,对3个典型城市的主观问卷调研与现场测试数据进行统计,分析服装调节行为与热感觉,获得不同采暖工况下操作温度与服装热阻及平均热感觉的关系,明确连续采暖建筑室内中性温度为20.2 ℃,非连续采暖建筑可接受温度下限为11.7 ℃。据此,提出相应的冬季室内计算温度宜分别取20.0与12.0 ℃的恒定值;并针对被动式采暖房间,以拉萨为例,综合动态模拟得到的冬季室内操作温度日波动范围（10~14 ℃）与现行热工规范中的温度周期化逐时方法,构建了室内计算温度逐时模型,为西部强辐射地区优化建筑热工设计提供基础数据支持。
Abstract
To obtain accurate winter indoor calculated temperature for strong solar radiation regions of western China, data from questionnaire surveys and field tests in three typical cities were collected and statistically analyzed. Through evaluating the clothing adjustment behavior and human thermal sensation, the relationships between operative temperature and clothing insulation/mean thermal sensation, respectively, were established under various heating conditions. Then, the neutral temperature was found to be 20.2 ℃ for continuous heating buildings and the lower limit of acceptable temperature was 11.7 ℃ for non-continuous heating buildings. Based on this, it is proposed that the appropriate winter indoor calculated temperatures should be set at constant values of 20.0 ℃ and 12.0 ℃, respectively. Furthermore, for passively heated rooms, taking Lhasa as a case study, an hourly indoor calculated temperature model was developed by integrating the daily fluctuation range of winter indoor operative temperatures （10-14 ℃） obtained from dynamic simulation and the hourly temperature cycle processing method specified in the current thermal design code. These findings provide essential parameter support for optimizing building thermal design in strong solar radiation regions of western China.
关键词
热舒适 /
保温 /
动态模型 /
室内计算温度 /
强辐射地区
Key words
thermal comfort /
thermal insulation /
dynamic models /
indoor calculated temperature /
strong solar radiation regions
{{custom_sec.title}}
{{custom_sec.title}}
{{custom_sec.content}}
参考文献
[1] 糜娜,刘云亮,张静思,等.基于热舒适改善导向的建筑热工设计室内计算参数研究:非人工控制热环境[J]. 建筑节能(中英文), 2021, 49(11): 14-19.
Mi N, Liu Y L, Zhang J S, et al.Indoor calculation parameters for building thermal design based on thermal comfort improvement: free-running environment[J]. Building Energy Efficiency, 2021, 49(11): 14-19.
[2] Qian W X, Li C X, Gao H, et al.Estimating indoor air temperature and humidity distributions by data assimilation with finite observations: Validation using an actual residential room[J]. Building and Environment, 2025, 269: 112495.
[3] GB 50176—2016 民用建筑热工设计规范(含光盘)[S].
GB 50176—2016 Code for thermal design of civil building[S].
[4] T/CECS1079—2022 民用建筑热环境设计室内外计算参数标准[S].
T/CECS1079—2022 Standard for indoor and outdoor calculation parameter in thermal environment design of civil building[S].
[5] Parand F, Al E.CIBSE Guide A: Environmental Design}[M]. 8th ed. London, UK: Chartered Institution of Building Services Engineers, 2015.
[6] ISO 17772-1:2017 International Organization for Standardization}. Energy performance of buildings: Indoor environmental quality: Part 1: Indoor environmental input parameters for the design and assessment of energy performance of buildings[S].
[7] Yan H Y, Liu Q Q, Zhang H, et al.Difference in the thermal response of the occupants living in northern and Southern China[J]. Energy and Buildings, 2019, 204: 109475.
[8] 刘艳峰,穆婷,罗西,等.光照资源富集区太阳能集中供热系统容量配置及热网管径协同设计优化研究[J]. 太阳能学报, 2023, 44(1): 85-93.
Liu Y F, Mu T, Luo X, et al.Equipment capacity and heating network pipe diameter optimization of centralized solar heating system in areas abundant with solar energy resources[J]. Acta Energiae Solaris Sinica, 2023, 44(1): 85-93.
[9] Mirzabeigi S, Khalili Nasr B, Mainini A G, et al.Tailored WBGT as a heat stress index to assess the direct solar radiation effect on indoor thermal comfort[J]. Energy and Buildings, 2021, 242: 110974.
[10] 宋聪,王薇娜,刘艳峰,等.高海拔地区冬季室内外辐射强度突变对人体热反应的影响[J]. 建筑科学, 2024, 40(8): 150-158.
Song C, Wang W N, Liu Y F, et al.Effects of sudden changes in indoor and outdoor radiation intensity on the human thermal response during winter at high altitude[J]. Building Science, 2024, 40(8): 150-158.
[11] Yang L, Yan H Y, Xu Y, et al.Residential thermal environment in cold climates at high altitudes and building energy use implications[J]. Energy and Buildings, 2013, 62: 139-145.
[12] Yu W, Li B Z, Yao R M, et al.A study of thermal comfort in residential buildings on the Tibetan Plateau, China[J]. Building and Environment, 2017, 119: 71-86.
[13] Zhang S, Yang L, Suonam B, et al.Method for dynamic thermal insulation design revealing almost real heat transfer characteristics of building envelopes in different Chinese regions[J]. Energy and Buildings, 2022, 274: 112419.
[14] ANSI/ASHRAE Standard 55-2017 Thermal environmental conditions for human occupancy[S].
[15] ISO7730-2005Ergonomics of the thermal environment-analytical determination and interpretation of thermal comfort using calculation of the PMV and PPD indices and local thermal comfort criteria[S].
[16] Zhou F Z, Wang Z J, Yang Y X, et al.Effects of individual factors on thermal sensation in the cold climate of China in winter[J]. Energy and Buildings, 2023, 301: 113720.
[17] JGJ 26—2018 严寒和寒冷地区居住建筑节能设计标准[S].
JGJ 26—2018 Design standard for energy efficiency of residential buildings in severe cold and cold zones[S].
[18] 宋聪. 冬季人体睡眠差异化热需求及热环境设计参数研究[D]. 西安:西安建筑科技大学, 2017.
Song C.Research on differentiated thermal requirement of human body and thermal environment design parameters for sleep in winter[D]. Xi’an: Xi’an University of Architecture and Technology, 2017.
[19] 韩文轩. 空调室外计算参数与室内热环境不保证时长关联性研究[D]. 天津:天津大学,2018.
Han W X.Research on relationship of non-guaranteed hours between air-conditioning outdoor design conditions and indoor thermal environment[D]. Tianjin: Tianjin University, 2018.
基金
“十四五”国家重点研发计划（2022YFC3802700）; 陕西省自然科学基础研究计划项目（2025JC-YBQN-518）
PDF(11020 KB)
