RESEARCH ON OPTIMUM TILT ANGLE FOR PV ARRAY BASED ON COMBINATION MODELS OF CALCULATING SOLAR RADIATION ON INCLINED SURFACE

Li Yao; Li Zhaorong; Wang Xiaoyong; Liu Kang; Wang Yousheng; Zhao Wenjing

doi:10.19912/j.0254-0096.tynxb.2020-0974

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Acta Energiae Solaris Sinica ›› 2022, Vol. 43 ›› Issue (5) : 127-136. DOI: 10.19912/j.0254-0096.tynxb.2020-0974

RESEARCH ON OPTIMUM TILT ANGLE FOR PV ARRAY BASED ON COMBINATION MODELS OF CALCULATING SOLAR RADIATION ON INCLINED SURFACE

Li Yao¹, Li Zhaorong², Wang Xiaoyong¹, Liu Kang¹, Wang Yousheng¹, Zhao Wenjing¹

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Abstract

Based on data collected between March 2019 and February 2020 at Baiyin and Dunhuang photovoltaic power stations, four combination models are established to calculate the solar radiation on the inclined surface. By testing the forecast precision of the combination models, the solar radiation characteristics on the inclined surface with different angles and the relationship between the power generation and tilt angle in different time periods are analyzed. Three optimum tilt angle selection schemes are proposed and the total annual power generations are compared. The results reveal the following：1） the four combination models achieve high precision, Baiyin and Dunhuang monthly-average RRMSEs of the four combination models are below 8% and 9%, respectively; 2） The total radiation and direct radiation on the inclined surface exhibit a decreasing tendency with the increase of the tilt angle before September, which is observed as follows： 0°≈15°>30°>45°>60°>90°. The opposite trend is observed after September： 60°>45°>30°>15°>0°. The diffuse radiation decreases with the increase of the tilt angle before September and the difference between each angle is small after September. At all times, the reflection radiation increases with the increase of the tilt angle. The direct radiation occupies the highest proportion of total radiation at each tilt angle, while the diffuse radiation occupies the second proportion and the reflection radiation has the smallest percentage; 3） The difference between the optimum tilt angles calculated by each of the four combination models is small. The yearly optimum tilt angles are 35° and 38° for Baiyin and Dunhuang, respectively. The monthly optimum tilt angle exhibits cosine-type variation, and the variation ranges of Baiyin and Dunhuang are 4°-64° and 6°-66°, respectively. The summer and winter half year optimum tilt angles are approximately 16° and 56° for Baiyin, and 19° and 58° for Dunhuang; 4） To achieve the largest total annual power generation, it is recommended that the tilt angle is adjusted each month according to scheme Ⅱ, and that the annual power generation is increased by 5.3% and 5.0%, compared with scheme Ⅰ, for Baiyin and Dunhuang, respectively. If scheme Ⅱ is difficult to apply, adjusting the tilt angle at least twice a year according to scheme Ⅲ will result in the increase of annual power generation by 4.6% and 4.1%, compared with scheme Ⅰ, for Baiyin and Dunhuang, respectively.

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solar radiation / PV power stations / PV array / error analysis / tilt angle

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Li Yao, Li Zhaorong, Wang Xiaoyong, Liu Kang, Wang Yousheng, Zhao Wenjing. RESEARCH ON OPTIMUM TILT ANGLE FOR PV ARRAY BASED ON COMBINATION MODELS OF CALCULATING SOLAR RADIATION ON INCLINED SURFACE[J]. Acta Energiae Solaris Sinica. 2022, 43(5): 127-136 https://doi.org/10.19912/j.0254-0096.tynxb.2020-0974

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