Abstract: Phase change heat storage technology plays an important role in the field of solar heating. In order to improve solar energy utilization, a set of phase change heat storage device was designed, the influence factors of the spherical phase change heat storage unit were studied, keeping the total mass of the phase change material （PCM） in a small changing range. The heat storage performance of the device was explored through comparing the different diameters, porosity, and interlayer spacing. Experimental and simulation results show that: under the same conditions, the smaller the diameter of the phase change ball, the shorter time for charging heat. Considering the processing difficulty and manufacturing cost, the heat storage ball with a diameter of 46 mm or 50 mm is the best choice; the porosity, inlet temperature and inlet flow have a greater impact on the overall charging heat time; on the contrary, changing the distance between the heat storage balls has smaller effect on the charging heat time.

Key words: solar energy, heat storage ball, heat storage time, phase change material, porosity

摘要： 为提高太阳能利用率,设计一套相变蓄热装置,研究球形相变单元蓄热影响因素,保持相变材料（PCM）总质量维持在较小浮动范围内,对比不同直径、孔隙率、层间距,探究整个装置的蓄热性能。实验与模拟结果表明：同等条件下,相变球直径越小,蓄热时间越短。而考虑到加工制造难度及成本,直径为46或50 mm的蓄热球是最优选择;孔隙率、入口温度和入口流量对整体蓄热时间影响较大;相反,改变蓄热球层间距对蓄热时间的影响较小。

关键词: 太阳能, 蓄热球, 蓄热时间, 相变材料, 孔隙率