In order to reduce optical losses in monocrystalline silicon solar cells, it is necessary to obtain a uniform and dense pyramidal structure on the surface of the crystalline silicon. A two-step texturing process has been developed for this purpose, whereby the wafers are sequentially passed through two texturing tanks with different chemical solution ratios and different reaction times. The first tank has a higher concentration of the chemical solution and a faster reaction rate, resulting in fast nucleation of the pyramids; the second tank has a lower concentration of the chemical solution and a slower reaction rate, resulting in structurally independent and homogeneous pyramids. Experiments show that the optimum reaction time is 250-300 s for the first step texturing and 100-130 s for the second step texturing, and that the surface reflectivity of the wafers formed by the two-step texturing is reduced by 0.5% compared to the one-step texturing, which increases the absorption of light by the wafer and enables the solar cell to achieve higher photoelectric conversion efficiency.
Key words
solar cells /
texturing /
reflectivity /
photovoltaic parameter /
quantitative characterization /
quantum efficiency
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