Regarding to the tower solar concentrating receiver, both the Monte Carlo ray tracing method and the convolution method are employed to establish a high-precision and low consumed computing time algorithm to predict the heat flux density distribution on the surface of the receiver by synthetically considering the shading and blocking factor of heliostats and the influence of reflected solar light from the heliostats on distribution of heat flux. The ray tracing route and heat flux density distribution rule of a single heliostat and the whole heliostat field are obtained when such factors as ray occlusion, cosine loss, spillover loss and atmospheric attenuation are considered. According to the relationship between the optical efficiency of the heliostat field and the position of the heliostat, an optimization method of the heliostats field layout is proposed. After optimization, the optical efficiency of the heliostat field is increased from 43.5% to 45.6% at the noon, and the average optical efficiency is increased by about 2% during daytime, and the solar heat flux density distribution is more uniform.
Key words
tower solar thermal power generation /
ray tracing /
convolution /
solar energy /
optical efficiency /
heat flux
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