Abstract: To accurately calculate the charging demand of electric vehicles （EVs）, a dynamic charging demand model of EVs on highway is proposed, which considers the interaction between stations. On this basis, a charging station layout planning model is constructed to minimize the investment cost of charging facilities and the waiting time of users in the queue, with the number of charging stations and piles, the distance between stations, and the charging demand of users as constraints. To solve the model quickly, this paper establishes a set of candidate sites under the shortest path and then linearizes the distance constraint between charging stations from nonlinear to integer linear programming. Moreover, the non-dominated sorting multi-objective genetic algorithm Ⅱ （NSGA-Ⅱ） and evidence reasoning are adopted to solve the proposed models. Finally, the proposed model is simulated and verified in the actual travel data of the Fujian section of the 31-node Shenhai Expressway.

Key words: charging equipment, electric vehicles, highway planning, charging demand, new energy

摘要： 为准确计算电动汽车充电需求,提出考虑站间交互影响的高速公路电动汽车动态充电需求模型。基于此,构建以充电设施投资成本和用户排队等待时间为目标,以充电站以及充电桩数量、站间距离、用户充电需求为约束的高速公路充电站多目标布局规划模型。为快速求解该模型,建立最短路径下候选站址集合,并将充电站间距离约束由较强的非线性约束转换为整数线性规划,采用快速非支配排序多目标遗传算法和证据推理方法进行求解。最后,以31节点沈海高速福建段实际出行数据为例对所提出的模型进行仿真验证。

关键词: 充电装置, 电动汽车, 高速公路规划, 充电需求, 新能源