ANALYSIS OF SPATIOTEMPORAL CONTINUOUS OPTIMAL INSTALLATION TILT ANGLE AND ADJUSTMENT STRATEGY OF PHOTOVOLTAIC SYSTEM

Xie Peiran; Xu Shuo; Zhao Xuan; Xu Chaowei

doi:10.19912/j.0254-0096.tynxb.2024-0577

PDF(2452 KB)

Acta Energiae Solaris Sinica ›› 2025, Vol. 46 ›› Issue (8) : 396-403. DOI: 10.19912/j.0254-0096.tynxb.2024-0577

ANALYSIS OF SPATIOTEMPORAL CONTINUOUS OPTIMAL INSTALLATION TILT ANGLE AND ADJUSTMENT STRATEGY OF PHOTOVOLTAIC SYSTEM

Xie Peiran¹, Xu Shuo¹, Zhao Xuan¹, Xu Chaowei²

Author information +

History +

Abstract

In this study, we develop a spatiotemporal simulation approach based on high-resolution meteorological data to accurately determine the optimal tilt angle of PV systems at any location was developed, with a validation in Jiangsu Province. The results indicate that the analog output of the designed algorithm is highly correlated with the actual measurement data, with a coefficient of determination of 0.9619 and a relative root mean square error of 13.4%. The optimal PV tilt angle in Jiangsu Province increases gradually from south to north, with annual optimal tilt angles ranging from 25° to 31°. Seasonally, the tilt angle can be as low as 5° in summer and as high as 49° in winter. Compared to an annual fixed tilt angle, adjusting the tilt angle seasonally and month-to-month can improve power generation efficiency by 3.56% and 4.33%, respectively. This improvement is particularly significant in the northern region, where the increase in power generation due to tilt angle adjustments is more substantial because of the higher proportion of direct solar radiation. The optimal tilt angle also varies when considering factors such as land costs for PV array deployment and shading losses, though the overall spatial pattern remains similar. Specific adjustments fluctuate with market changes.

Key words

photovoltaics / spatial distribution / solar energy / optimization algorithms / optimum tilt angle / space-time simulation

Cite this article

EndNote

Ris (Procite)

Bibtex

Download Citations

Xie Peiran, Xu Shuo, Zhao Xuan, Xu Chaowei. ANALYSIS OF SPATIOTEMPORAL CONTINUOUS OPTIMAL INSTALLATION TILT ANGLE AND ADJUSTMENT STRATEGY OF PHOTOVOLTAIC SYSTEM[J]. Acta Energiae Solaris Sinica. 2025, 46(8): 396-403 https://doi.org/10.19912/j.0254-0096.tynxb.2024-0577

References

[1] WANG B J, JI F, ZHENG J, et al.Carbon emission reduction of coal-fired power supply chain enterprises under the revenue sharing contract: perspective of coordination game[J]. Energy economics, 2021, 102: 105467.
[2] WANG Y J, WANG R, TANAKA K, et al.Accelerating the energy transition towards photovoltaic and wind in China[J]. Nature, 2023, 619(7971): 761-767.
[3] 李明东, 李婧雯. “双碳” 目标下中国分布式光伏发电的发展现状和展望[J]. 太阳能, 2023(5): 5-10.
LI M D, LI J W.Development status and prospects of distributed PV power generation in China under the goal of emission peak and carbon neutrality[J]. Solar energy, 2023(5): 5-10.
[4] 全勇, 吴建高, 陈艳, 等. 风向角和倾角对光伏阵列风荷载的影响[J]. 太阳能学报, 2024, 45(1): 25-31.
QUAN Y, WU J G, CHEN Y, et al.Influence of wind direction and inclination angle on wind load of photovoltaic arrays[J]. Acta energiae solaris sinica, 2024, 45(1): 25-31.
[5] 王兵振, 周茜子, 张原飞, 等. 中国南极中山站太阳能资源及光伏阵列最佳倾角研究[J]. 可再生能源, 2022, 40(10): 1312-1318.
WANG B Z, ZHOU X Z, ZHANG Y F, et al.Study on solar energy resources and optimum titled angle of photovoltaic array in Zhongshan station[J]. Renewable energy resources, 2022, 40(10): 1312-1318.
[6] 曹阳. 光伏方阵最佳倾角的分析和优化[J]. 现代信息科技, 2021, 5(19): 63-66.
CAO Y.Analysis and optimization of optimal inclination angle of photovoltaic array[J]. Modern information technology, 2021, 5(19): 63-66.
[7] CHINCHILLA M, SANTOS-MARTÍN D, CARPINTERO-RENTERÍA M, et al. Worldwide annual optimum tilt angle model for solar collectors and photovoltaic systems in the absence of site meteorological data[J]. Applied energy, 2021, 281: 116056.
[8] CHANG T P.The sun’s apparent position and the optimal tilt angle of a solar collector in the Northern Hemisphere[J]. Solar energy, 2009, 83(8): 1274-1284.
[9] 张嘉澍, 吕泉, 郭雪丽, 等. 考虑合理弃光的配电网光伏最大接入容量研究[J]. 太阳能学报, 2023, 44(2): 418-426.
ZHANG J S, LYU Q, GUO X L, et al.Research on maximum PV access capacity in distribution network considering proper power curtailment[J]. Acta energiae solaris sinica, 2023, 44(2): 418-426.
[10] TOMOSK S, HAYSOM J E, HINZER K, et al.Mapping the geographic distribution of the economic viability of photovoltaic load displacement projects in SW USA[J]. Renewable energy, 2017, 107: 101-112.
[11] SANTOS-MARTIN D, LEMON S.SoL-A PV generation model for grid integration analysis in distribution networks[J]. Solar energy, 2015, 120: 549-564.
[12] JACOBSON M Z, JADHAV V.World estimates of PV optimal tilt angles and ratios of sunlight incident upon tilted and tracked PV panels relative to horizontal panels[J]. Solar energy, 2018, 169: 55-66.
[13] KHAHRO S F, TABBASSUM K, TALPUR S, et al.Evaluation of solar energy resources by establishing empirical models for diffuse solar radiation on tilted surface and analysis for optimum tilt angle for a prospective location in southern region of Sindh, Pakistan[J]. International journal of electrical power & energy systems, 2015, 64: 1073-1080.
[14] LIU Y J, YAO L, JIANG H, et al.Spatial estimation of the optimum PV tilt angles in China by incorporating ground with satellite data[J]. Renewable energy, 2022, 189: 1249-1258.
[15] TANG R S, WU T.Optimal tilt-angles for solar collectors used in China[J]. Applied energy, 2004, 79: 239-248.
[16] ZANG H X, GUO M, WEI Z N, et al.Determination of the optimal tilt angle of solar collectors for different climates of China[J]. Sustainability, 2016, 8(7): 654.
[17] SHEN Y B, ZHANG J, GUO P, et al.Impact of solar radiation variation on the optimal tilted angle for fixed grid-connected PV array: case study in Beijing[J]. Global energy interconnection, 2018, 1(4): 460-466.
[18] JING J X, ZHOU Y, WANG L Y, et al.The spatial distribution of China’s solar energy resources and the optimum tilt angle and power generation potential of PV systems[J]. Energy conversion and management, 2023, 283: 116912.
[19] LETU H, YANG K, NAKAJIMA T Y, et al.High-resolution retrieval of cloud microphysical properties and surface solar radiation using Himawari-8/AHI next-generation geostationary satellite[J]. Remote sensing of environment, 2020, 239: 111583.
[20] 徐丽娜, 申彦波, 胡玥明, 等. 基于随机森林算法的FY-4A地表入射太阳辐射空间订正[J]. 太阳能学报, 2024, 45(1): 109-115.
XU L N, SHEN Y B, HU Y M, et al.Spatial correction of FY-4A surface solar radiation based on random forest algorithm[J]. Acta energiae solaris sinica, 2024, 45(1): 109-115.
[21] JIANG H, LU N, QIN J, et al.A deep learning algorithm to estimate hourly global solar radiation from geostationary satellite data[J]. Renewable and sustainable energy reviews, 2019, 114: 109327.
[22] JIANG H, LU N, QIN J, et al.Hourly 5-km surface total and diffuse solar radiation in China, 2007-2018[J]. Scientific data, 2020, 7(1): 311.
[23] MUÑOZ-SABATER J, DUTRA E, AGUSTÍ-PANAREDA A, et al. ERA5-Land: a state-of-the-art global reanalysis dataset for land applications[J]. Earth system science data, 2021, 13(9): 4349-4383.
[24] 陈燕, 张宁, 许遐祯, 等. 江苏沿海近地层强风风切变指数特征研究[J]. 高原气象, 2019, 38(5): 1069-1081.
CHEN Y, ZHANG N, XU X Z, et al.The wind shear exponent in the near-surface strong wind in the coastal areas of Jiangsu Province[J]. Plateau meteorology, 2019, 38(5): 1069-1081.
[25] 张双益, 李熙晨. ERA5资料应用于中国地区太阳能资源评估研究[J]. 太阳能学报, 2023, 44(5): 280-285.
ZHANG S Y, LI X C.Study on application of ERA5 data to solar energy resource assessment over China’s region[J]. Acta energiae solaris sinica, 2023, 44(5): 280-285.
[26] WANG S, JIANG H, WANG Q, et al.China PV industry development roadmap (2021-2022)[R]. Beijing:China Photovoltaic Industry Association, 2021.