RESEARCH ON SCHEDULING STRATEGY OF ENERGY STORAGE AGGREGATORS IN ANCILLARY SERVICE MARKET BASED ON DYNAMIC PROGRAMMING

Yang Cui; Xu Tianqi; Li Yan; Li Xiaolan

doi:10.19912/j.0254-0096.tynxb.2024-0646

PDF(2027 KB)

Acta Energiae Solaris Sinica ›› 2025, Vol. 46 ›› Issue (8) : 224-233. DOI: 10.19912/j.0254-0096.tynxb.2024-0646

RESEARCH ON SCHEDULING STRATEGY OF ENERGY STORAGE AGGREGATORS IN ANCILLARY SERVICE MARKET BASED ON DYNAMIC PROGRAMMING

Yang Cui¹, Xu Tianqi^1,2, Li Yan^1,2, Li Xiaolan¹

Author information +

History +

Abstract

In the process of developing diversified entities in the auxiliary service market, addressing the issues where small-scale distributed energy storage systems fail to meet the market entry thresholds and have low returns and utilization when participating in only a single auxiliary service market, this paper proposes an aggregated management method for distributed energy storage. This method coordinates the dispatch of small storage systems in both primary and secondary frequency regulation markets. Firstly, a joint day-ahead decision-making model for energy storage aggregators participating in primary and secondary frequency regulation markets is established. By utilizing a bi-level iterative process between the grid and the energy storage aggregator, the market is dynamically selected every hour based on market demand, competitors, and small-scale storage information. The problem is then solved using dynamic programming, producing an hourly energy storage dispatch plan for the aggregator in the joint market. Case studies show that this strategy increases profits by 61.96% and improves energy storage utilization by 8.99% compared to participating only in primary frequency regulation; while profits increased by 123.52% and utilization by 28.12% compared to participating only in secondary frequency regulation. The results verify that the proposed dynamic dispatch strategy can enhance both the profits and utilization of energy storage aggregators, encouraging more distributed energy storage systems to participate in electricity markets and fully tap into frequency regulation resources.

Key words

energy storage / frequency modulation auxiliary service market / aggregator / joint clearing / bi-level optimization model

Cite this article

EndNote

Ris (Procite)

Bibtex

Download Citations

Yang Cui, Xu Tianqi, Li Yan, Li Xiaolan. RESEARCH ON SCHEDULING STRATEGY OF ENERGY STORAGE AGGREGATORS IN ANCILLARY SERVICE MARKET BASED ON DYNAMIC PROGRAMMING[J]. Acta Energiae Solaris Sinica. 2025, 46(8): 224-233 https://doi.org/10.19912/j.0254-0096.tynxb.2024-0646

References

[1] 张智刚, 康重庆. 碳中和目标下构建新型电力系统的挑战与展望[J]. 中国电机工程学报, 2022, 42(8): 2806-2819.
ZHANG Z G, KANG C Q.Challenges and prospects for constructing the new-type power system towards a carbon neutrality future[J]. Proceedings of the CSEE, 2022, 42(8): 2806-2819.
[2] 李建林, 梁策, 张则栋, 等. 新型电力系统下储能政策及商业模式分析[J]. 高压电器, 2023, 59(7): 104-116.
LI J L, LIANG C, ZHANG Z D, et al.Analysis of energy storage policies and business models in new power system[J]. High voltage apparatus, 2023, 59(7): 104-116.
[3] 李建林, 马会萌, 袁晓冬, 等. 规模化分布式储能的关键应用技术研究综述[J]. 电网技术, 2017, 41(10): 3365-3375.
LI J L, MA H M, YUAN X D, et al.Overview on key applied technologies of large-scale distributed energy storage[J]. Power system technology, 2017, 41(10): 3365-3375.
[4] 张鸿宇, 王宇. 国外电网侧储能电站参与调频辅助服务市场的机制经验及对我国的启示[J]. 储能科学与技术, 2021, 10(2): 766-773.
ZHANG H Y, WANG Y.Mechanism experience of foreign grid-side storage participating in frequency regulation auxiliary service market and its enlightenment to China[J]. Energy storage science and technology, 2021, 10(2): 766-773.
[5] 刘庆楷, 刘明波, 陆文甜. 考虑退化成本的电池储能参与调频辅助服务市场的控制方法[J]. 电网技术, 2021, 45(8): 3043-3051.
LIU Q K, LIU M B, LU W T.Control method for battery energy storage participating in frequency regulation market considering degradation cost[J]. Power system technology, 2021, 45(8): 3043-3051.
[6] NARIMANI M R, ASGHARI B, SHARMA R.Energy storage control methods for demand charge reduction and PV utilization improvement[C]//2017 IEEE PES Asia-Pacific Power and Energy Engineering Conference (APPEEC). Bangalore, India, 2017: 1-5.
[7] 李翠萍, 东哲民, 李军徽, 等. 提升配电网新能源消纳能力的分布式储能集群优化控制策略[J]. 电力系统自动化, 2021, 45(23): 76-83.
LI C P, DONG Z M, LI J H, et al.Optimal control strategy of distributed energy storage cluster for prompting renewable energy accommodation in distribution network[J]. Automation of electric power systems, 2021, 45(23): 76-83.
[8] 聂立君, 邢海军, 江伟建, 等. 聚合商模式下考虑调峰需求的分布式储能优化配置[J]. 太阳能学报, 2024, 45(7): 153-162.
NIE L J, XING H J, JIANG W J, et al.Optimized configuration of distributed energy storage considering peak shaving requirements under aggregator mode[J]. Acta energiae solaris sinica, 2024, 45(7): 153-162.
[9] 尹渠凯. 规模化分布式储能聚合建模及其协同优化调控策略研究[D]. 北京: 华北电力大学, 2019.
YIN Q K.Scale distributed energy storage aggregation modeling and cooperative optimized regulation strategy[D]. Beijing: North China Electric Power University, 2019.
[10] 王傲儿, 赵书强, 宋金历, 等. 考虑新能源与储能参与调频的联合市场出清模型[J]. 太阳能学报, 2024, 45(3): 367-376.
WANG A E, ZHAO S Q, SONG J L, et al.Joint market clearing model considering participation of new energy and energy storage in frequency modulation[J]. Acta energiae solaris sinica, 2024, 45(3): 367-376.
[11] 肖云鹏, 张兰, 张轩, 等. 包含独立储能的现货电能量与调频辅助服务市场出清协调机制[J]. 中国电机工程学报, 2020, 40(S1): 167-180.
XIAO Y P, ZHANG L, ZHANG X, et al.The coordinated market clearing mechanism for spot electric energy and regulating ancillary service incorporating independent energy storage resources[J]. Proceedings of the CSEE, 2020, 40(S1): 167-180.
[12] LI W F, DU P W, LU N.Design of a new primary frequency control market for hosting frequency response reserve offers from both generators and loads[J]. IEEE transactions on smart grid, 2018, 9(5): 4883-4892.
[13] 史林军, 端木陈睿, 杨冬梅, 等. 基于分组控制策略的风电场储能容量优化配置[J]. 太阳能学报, 2024, 45(7): 340-349.
SHI L J, DUANMU C R, YANG D M, et al.Optimal allocation of wind farm energy storage capacity based on group control strategy[J]. Acta energiae solaris sinica, 2024, 45(7): 340-349.
[14] ZHANG G Y, ELA E, WANG Q.Market scheduling and pricing for primary and secondary frequency reserve[J]. IEEE transactions on power systems, 2019, 34(4): 2914-2924.
[15] 陈中飞, 荆朝霞, 陈达鹏, 等. 美国调频辅助服务市场的定价机制分析[J]. 电力系统自动化, 2018, 42(12): 1-10.
CHEN Z F, JING Z X, CHEN D P, et al.Analysis on pricing mechanism in frequency regulation ancillary service market of United States[J]. Automation of electric power systems, 2018, 42(12): 1-10.
[16] 王霞, 应黎明, 卢少平. 考虑动态频率约束的一次调频和二次调频联合优化模型[J]. 电网技术, 2020, 44(8): 2858-2867.
WANG X, YING L M, LU S P.Joint optimization model for primary and secondary frequency regulation considering dynamic frequency constraint[J]. Power system technology, 2020, 44(8): 2858-2867.
[17] 刘子琦, 刘洋, 李卫东, 等. 火电机组一次调频和二次调频响应功率数据剥离方法[J]. 电力系统自动化, 2023, 47(16): 132-141.
LIU Z Q, LIU Y, LI W D, et al.Data separation method for primary and secondary frequency regulation response power of thermal power units[J]. Automation of electric power systems, 2023, 47(16): 132-141.
[18] 山西能源监管办. 关于印发《山西电力调频辅助服务市场运营细则》的通知[EB/OL].http://www.chinanengyuan.com/news/109558.htlm.
Shanxi Energy Commission Administration. A notice of the operation rule of Shanxi power regulation market[EB/OL]. http://www.china-nengyuan.com/news/109558.htlm.
[19] 周挺, 谭玉东, 孙晋, 等. 虚拟电厂参与能量与辅助服务市场的协同优化策略[J]. 中国电力, 2024, 57(1): 61-70.
ZHOU T, TAN Y D, SUN J, et al.Collaborative optimization strategy for virtual power plant participating in energy and ancillary service market[J]. Electric power, 2024, 57(1): 61-70.
[20] 李国庆, 闫克非, 范高锋, 等. 储能参与现货电能量-调频辅助服务市场的交易决策研究[J]. 电力系统保护与控制, 2022, 50(17): 45-54.
LI G Q, YAN K F, FAN G F, et al.Transaction decision-making of energy storage stations participating in the spot energy and frequency modulation ancillary service market[J]. Power system protection and control, 2022, 50(17): 45-54.