EXPERIMENTAL STUDY ON OPTIMAL INCLINATION ANGLE OF PHOTOVOLTAIC MODULES BASED ON WOA-GWO ALGORITHM OPTIMIZATION

Zhao Bin; Zhu Biao; Wang Li; Chen Jiaxiang; Cai Weihua

doi:10.19912/j.0254-0096.tynxb.2024-1424

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Acta Energiae Solaris Sinica ›› 2025, Vol. 46 ›› Issue (12) : 204-215. DOI: 10.19912/j.0254-0096.tynxb.2024-1424

EXPERIMENTAL STUDY ON OPTIMAL INCLINATION ANGLE OF PHOTOVOLTAIC MODULES BASED ON WOA-GWO ALGORITHM OPTIMIZATION

Zhao Bin^1~3, Zhu Biao^1,2, Wang Li³, Chen Jiaxiang¹, Cai Weihua²

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Abstract

The installation inclination of photovoltaic modules is one of the key factors affecting the performance of photovoltaic power generation systems. Addressing the nonlinear relationship between solar radiation and the optimal inclination, as well as the multivariable optimization problems under different geographical locations and meteorological conditions, an optimal inclination model was constructed using the WOA-GWO algorithm. Taking Changsha, a Class IV area of solar energy resources, and Lhasa, a Class I area, as examples, the output power of photovoltaic modules was experimentally studied under various inclination control strategies by using the fixed adjustable bracket based on gas spring. The results show that the optimal inclination model constructed based on the WOA-GWO algorithm has better search efficiency and convergence speed. When adopting the south orientation, the optimal daily total power generation for the adjustable inclination in Changsha under sunny and sunny-to-cloudy conditions increases by 3.10% and 4.13%, respectively, compared to the annual fixed optimal inclination, while the optimal daily total power generation under sunny conditions in Lhasa can be increased by 6.65%. Under sunny conditions in Changsha, using the due east and due west orientations as examples, the optimal daily total power generation is 8.55% and 6.13% higher than the corresponding optimal fixed inclination, respectively. Therefore, the effectiveness of the optimal inclination angle adjustment strategy was verified through model simulation and experimental research, indicating that a reasonable inclination angle adjustment strategy can effectively improve output power in photovoltaic power generation systems. The benefits of this control strategy are more significant in areas with abundant solar energy resources, providing new design ideas for inclination angle control in photovoltaic power generation systems.

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photovoltaic modules / solar radiation / optimization algorithm / optimal inclination angle / photovoltaic brackets / experimental study

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Zhao Bin, Zhu Biao, Wang Li, Chen Jiaxiang, Cai Weihua. EXPERIMENTAL STUDY ON OPTIMAL INCLINATION ANGLE OF PHOTOVOLTAIC MODULES BASED ON WOA-GWO ALGORITHM OPTIMIZATION[J]. Acta Energiae Solaris Sinica. 2025, 46(12): 204-215 https://doi.org/10.19912/j.0254-0096.tynxb.2024-1424

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