OPTIMAL SCHEDULING OF GRID-CONNECTED RENEWABLE ENERGY ELECTRO-HYDROGEN SYNTHESIS AMMONIA SYSTEM BASED ON PARTICLE SWARM OPTIMIZATION ALGORITHM

Qiao Liang; Chen Yue; Hu Penglong; Wang Jian; Wang Huisheng; Cui Ruohang

doi:10.19912/j.0254-0096.tynxb.2024-1515

PDF(1480 KB)

Acta Energiae Solaris Sinica ›› 2026, Vol. 47 ›› Issue (1) : 11-20. DOI: 10.19912/j.0254-0096.tynxb.2024-1515

OPTIMAL SCHEDULING OF GRID-CONNECTED RENEWABLE ENERGY ELECTRO-HYDROGEN SYNTHESIS AMMONIA SYSTEM BASED ON PARTICLE SWARM OPTIMIZATION ALGORITHM

Qiao Liang¹, Chen Yue², Hu Penglong², Wang Jian², Wang Huisheng³, Cui Ruohang⁴

Author information +

History +

Abstract

In this paper, an optimal scheduling model of grid-connected electricity-hydrogen-ammonia system based on particle swarm optimization algorithm is constructed to simulate the process of power-to-ammonia under the operation of grid-connected condition. An energy storage device operation strategy and a grid interaction strategy are proposed to guarantee the load demand for hydrogen production and ammonia synthesis. By comparing the new energy forecast output and the load of power-to-ammonia at each moment, the operation strategy of energy storage equipment is first formulated, and then the grid interaction strategy is formulated on the basis of energy storage adjustment to meet the demand of power-to-ammonia load. Under the conditions of satisfying the real-time power balance of the system, the start-up/shut-down characteristics of the electrolyzer, and the energy storage capacity constraint, the operation data of the electricity-hydrogen-ammonia system are obtained for each time period to validate the effectiveness of the proposed model and strategy. electricity-hydrogen-ammonia system are obtained in each time period to validate the effectiveness of the proposed model and strategy.

Key words

renewable energy resources / ammonia / hydrogen production / scheduling optimization / grid-connected / energy storage

Cite this article

EndNote

Ris (Procite)

Bibtex

Download Citations

Qiao Liang, Chen Yue, Hu Penglong, Wang Jian, Wang Huisheng, Cui Ruohang. OPTIMAL SCHEDULING OF GRID-CONNECTED RENEWABLE ENERGY ELECTRO-HYDROGEN SYNTHESIS AMMONIA SYSTEM BASED ON PARTICLE SWARM OPTIMIZATION ALGORITHM[J]. Acta Energiae Solaris Sinica. 2026, 47(1): 11-20 https://doi.org/10.19912/j.0254-0096.tynxb.2024-1515

References

[1] 陈鹏,王玮,杨建青,等. 基于多尺度分解的风火储协同调频控制策略[J]. 太阳能学报, 2024, 45(3): 428-435.CHEN P, WANG W, YANG J Q, et al. Cooperative frequency regulation control strategy of wind-thermal-storage system based on multi-scale decomposition[J]. Acta energiae solaris sinica, 2024, 45(3): 428-435.
[2] 崔杨,邓贵波,赵钰婷,等. 考虑源荷低碳特性互补的含风电电力系统经济调度[J]. 中国电机工程学报, 2021, 41(14): 4799-4815.CUI Y, DENG G B, ZHAO Y T, et al. Economic dispatch of power system with wind considering the complementarity of low-carbon characteristics of source and load side[J]. Proceedings of the CSEE, 2021, 41(14): 4799-4815.
[3] 徐全, 马溪原, 张子昊, 等. 数字电网先进控制技术综述与展望[J/OL]. 电网技术, 10.13335/j.1000-3673.pst.2014.01, 1-26[2026-01-16].
XU Q, MA X Y, ZHANG Z H, et al. Review and prospect of advanced control technologies for digital power grid[J/OL]. Power System Technology, 10.13335/j.1000-3673.pst.2014.01 , 1-26[2026-01-16].
[4] 彭旭,李好文,郑岗,等. 基于时序生产模拟的可再生能源消纳评估方法研究[J]. 太阳能学报, 2020, 41(11): 26-30.PENG X, LI H W, ZHENG G, et al. Research on renewable energy accommodation assessment method based on time series production simulation[J]. Acta energiae solaris sinica, 2020, 41(11): 26-30.
[5] 龚思琦,杨洋,李初福,等. 风光互补发电制氢耦合合成氨系统的配置分析[J]. 洁净煤技术, 2024, 30(5): 38-45.GONG S Q, YANG Y, LI C F, et al. Configuration analysis of renewable power to ammonia system[J]. Clean coal technology, 2024, 30(5): 38-45.
[6] 刘化章. 合成氨工业节能减排的分析[J]. 化工进展, 2011, 30(6): 1147-1157.LIU H Z. Analysis of energy saving in ammonia synthesis industry[J]. Chemical industry and engineering progress, 2011, 30(6): 1147-1157.
[7] 夏鑫, 蔺建民, 李妍, 等. 氨混合燃料体系的性能研究现状[J]. 化工进展, 2022, 41(5): 2332-2339.XIA X, LIN J M, LI Y, et al. Research progress on performance of ammonia fuel[J]. Chemical industry and engineering progress, 2022, 41(5): 2332-2339.
[8] 李十中. 生物氨推动农业和能源绿色转型[J]. 世界科技研究与发展, 2022, 44(6): 768-777.LI S Z. Bioammonia drives green transformation in agriculture and energy[J]. World sci-tech R & D, 2022, 44(6): 768-777.
[9] 刘丁. 在日本,氨能正在抢氢能的风头[J]. 中国石油和化工产业观察, 2022(Z1): 107-108.LIU D. In Japan, ammonia is grabbing the spotlight on hydrogen[J]. China petrochemical industry observer, 2022(Z1): 107-108.
[10] EGERER J, GRIMM V, NIAZMAND K, et al.The economics of global green ammonia trade-“Shipping Australian wind and sunshine to Germany”[J]. Applied energy, 2023, 334: 120662.
[11] ARNAIZ DEL POZO C, CLOETE S. Techno-economic assessment of blue and green ammonia as energy carriers in a low-carbon future[J]. Energy conversion and management, 2022, 255: 115312.
[12] 陈科宇, 徐金鑫, 吴桂波, 等. 绿氨产业现状及发展展望[J]. 化工进展, 2024, 43(5): 2544-2553.CHEN K Y, XU J X, WU G B, et al. Current situation and prospect of green ammonia industry[J]. Chemical industry and engineering progress, 2024, 43(5): 2544-2553.
[13] 杨卫胜, 王月, 李庆勋. “双碳”目标下氢能高质量发展思考及建议[J]. 石油科技论坛, 2023, 42(2): 12-20, 39.YANG W S, WANG Y, LI Q X. Analysis and suggestions on high-quality hydrogen energy development under carbon peak and carbon neutrality goals[J]. Petroleum science and technology forum, 2023, 42(2): 12-20, 39.
[14] 王放放, 于琳竹, 李琦, 等. “双碳”背景下燃煤电厂制氨与氨利用进展[J]. 化学通报, 2023, 86(3): 323-332.WANG F F, YU L Z, LI Q, et al. Progress of ammonia production and utilization in coal-fired power plants under “dual carbon”[J]. Chemistry, 2023, 86(3): 323-332.
[15] 邓浩, 陈洁, 焦东东, 等. 风氢耦合并网系统能量管理控制策略[J]. 高电压技术, 2020, 46(1): 99-106.DENG H,CHEN J,JIAO D D, et al. Control strategy for energy management of grid-connected wind-hydrogen system[J]. High voltage engineering, 2020, 46(1): 99-106.
[16] 邵志芳, 吴继兰. 基于动态电价风光电制氢容量配置优化[J]. 太阳能学报, 2020, 41(8): 227-235.SHAO Z F, WU J L. Capacity configuration optimization of hydrogen production from wind and pv power based on dynamic electricity price[J]. Acta energiae solaris sinica, 2020, 41(8): 227-235.
[17] 刘鹏飞. 风光氢储综合供电系统优化配置与能量管理研究[D]. 杭州: 浙江大学, 2017.LIU P F. Study on capacity optimal configuration and energy management of integrated wind-solar-hydrogen-storage power supply system[D]. Hangzhou: Zhejiang University, 2017.
[18] 雷兆明, 杨佳祺, 董砚. 基于改进郊狼算法的新能源制氢能量优化调度[J]. 现代电力, 2022, 39(5): 514-520.LEI Z M,YANG J Q,DONG Y. Energy optimal scheduling of new energy hydrogen production based on improved coyote algorithm[J]. Modern electric power, 2022, 39(5): 514-520.
[19] 曾悦, 王月, 张学瑞, 等. 可再生能源合成绿氨研究进展及氢-氨储运经济性分析[J]. 化工进展, 2024, 43(1): 376-389.ZENG Y,WANG Y,ZHANG X R, et al. Research progress of green ammonia synthesis from renewable energy and economic analysis of hydrogen-ammonia storage and transportation[J]. Chemical industry and engineering progress, 2024, 43(1): 376-389.
[20] XU D, ZHOU B, WU Q W, et al.Integrated modelling and enhanced utilization of power-to-ammonia for high renewable penetrated multi-energy systems[J]. IEEE transactions on power systems, 2020, 35(6): 4769-4780.
[21] PALYS M J, DAOUTIDIS P.Using hydrogen and ammonia for renewable energy storage: a geographically comprehensive techno-economic study[J]. Computers & chemical engineering, 2020, 136: 106785.
[22] ARMIJO J, PHILIBERT C.Flexible production of green hydrogen and ammonia from variable solar and wind energy: case study of chile and argentina[J]. International journal of hydrogen energy, 2020, 45(3): 1541-1558.
[23] 林今, 余志鹏, 张信真, 等. 可再生能源电制氢合成氨系统的并/离网运行方式与经济性分析[J]. 中国电机工程学报, 2024, 44(1): 117-127.LIN J, YU Z P, ZHANG X Z, et al. On-grid/off-grid operation mode and economic analysis of renewable power to ammonia system[J]. Proceedings of the CSEE, 2024, 44(1): 117-127.
[24] LIU J C, CHEN Y, YU J Q, et al.Sparrow search algorithm based on new energy power hydrogen synthesis ammonia economic optimization of system scheduling[J]. Energies, 2024, 17(15): 3796.
[25] 吉旭, 林今, 聂李红, 等. 适用可再生能源不确定特性的合成氨多稳态柔性工艺技术[J]. 洁净煤技术, 2024, 30(2): 23-35.JI X, LIN J, NIE L H, et al. Multistable-flexible ammonia process adapted to renewable energy[J]. Clean coal technology, 2024, 30(2): 23-35.
[26] 李海波. 深远海海上风电制氨场景及技术分析[J]. 低碳化学与化工, 2024, 49(2): 115-123.LI H B. Analysis of scenarios and technologies for offshore wind power ammonia production in deep-sea[J]. Low-carbon chemistry and chemical engineering, 2024, 49(2): 115-123.
[27] 梁俊鹏, 张高航, 李凤婷, 等. 计及氢储能-制氨-碳捕集的综合能源系统低碳优化调度[J]. 电力自动化设备, 2024(10): 16-23.LIANG J B, Zhang G H, Li F T, et al. Low-carbon optimal scheduling of integrated energy system considering hydrogen energy storage,ammonia production and carbon capture[J]. Electric power automation equipment, 2024 (10): 16-23.
[28] 周步祥, 曾扬俊, 邱一苇, 等. 基于非合作博弈的可再生能源制氢合成氨系统多主体运行模式分析[J]. 电力自动化设备, 2023, 43(12): 197-205.ZHOU B X, ZENG Y J, QIU Y W, et al. Analysis of multi-agent operation mode of renewable power to ammonia system based on non-cooperative game[J]. Electric power automation equipment, 2023, 43(12): 197-205.
[29] 周步祥, 朱文聪, 朱杰, 等. 风光制氢合成氨系统的多时段可调度域分析[J]. 中国电机工程学报, 2024, 44(1): 160-174.ZHOU B X, ZHU W C, ZHU J, et al. Multi-stage dispatchable region analysis of wind and solar power-based hydrogen production and ammonia synthesis system[J]. Proceedings of the CSEE, 2024, 44(1): 160-174.
[30] 陈朝旭, 张亚超, 朱蜀, 等. 考虑多电解槽多工况组合运行的电-氢-热综合能源系统优化调度[J]. 电网技术, 2025(2): 542-551.CHEN C X, ZHANG Y C, ZHU S, et al. Optimal scheduling of electricity-hydrogen-heat integrated energy system considering combined operation of multi-electrolyzers under multiple conditions[J]. Power system technology, 2025(2): 542-551.
[31] 钱宇, 陈耀熙, 史晓斐, 等. 太阳能波动特性大数据分析与风光互补耦合制氢系统集成[J]. 化工学报, 2022, 73(5): 2101-2110, 2290.QIAN Y, CHEN Y X, SHI X F, et al. Big data analysis of solar energy fluctuation characteristics and integration of wind-photovoltaic to hydrogen system[J]. CIESC journal, 2022, 73(5): 2101-2110, 2290.
[32] 袁文腾, 陈亮, 王春波, 等. 基于氨储能技术的电转氨耦合风-光-火综合能源系统双层优化调度[J]. 中国电机工程学报, 2023, 43(18): 6992-7003.YUAN W T, CHEN L, WANG C B, et al. Bi-level optimal scheduling of wind-photovoltaic-thermal integrated energy system based on ammonia energy storage technology[J]. Proceedings of the CSEE, 2023, 43(18): 6992-7003.