RESIDENTIAL ROOFTOP PV ARRAY LAYOUT OPTIMIZATION BASED ON GENETIC ALGORITHM-PARTICLE SWARM OPTIMIZATION ALGORITHM

Zhai Xiaofang; Li Qishan; Xiao Zhifeng; Hu Feng

doi:10.19912/j.0254-0096.tynxb.2024-1540

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Acta Energiae Solaris Sinica ›› 2026, Vol. 47 ›› Issue (1) : 98-105. DOI: 10.19912/j.0254-0096.tynxb.2024-1540

RESIDENTIAL ROOFTOP PV ARRAY LAYOUT OPTIMIZATION BASED ON GENETIC ALGORITHM-PARTICLE SWARM OPTIMIZATION ALGORITHM

Zhai Xiaofang¹, Li Qishan¹, Xiao Zhifeng², Hu Feng¹

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Abstract

Given the diverse and irregular shapes of residential rooftops, and the common reliance on manual layout or exhaustive search methods for conventional photovoltaic array configurations—which suffer from low efficiency and difficulty in achieving optimal arrangements—this paper proposes an optimization method for residential rooftop PV arrays. Aiming to minimize the levelized cost of energy (LCOE), it constructs an optimization model that accounts for both the self-shading effects of modules and architectural constraints. PV array configuration on irregular flat roofs is optimized using the Genetic Particle Swarm Algorithm (GA-PSO). Lastly, a number of typical irregular flat roofs of residential dwellings are used as research objects in the PV layout optimization study. As a result of precisely analyzing the panel layout’s design parameters, the PV array layout constraint optimization method presented in this paper offers reference suggestions for the appropriate spatial configuration of rooftop PV systems in complex environments. It also significantly increases the PV system’s performance and lowers its cost, achieving the ideal balance between cost and benefit. The optimal levelized cost of electricity, or LCOE, is 3.86 CNY/（kW·h）.

Key words

solar energy / buildings / optimization / distributed rooftop photovoltaics / genetic algorithm-particle swarm optimization algorithm / levelized cost of electricity

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Zhai Xiaofang, Li Qishan, Xiao Zhifeng, Hu Feng. RESIDENTIAL ROOFTOP PV ARRAY LAYOUT OPTIMIZATION BASED ON GENETIC ALGORITHM-PARTICLE SWARM OPTIMIZATION ALGORITHM[J]. Acta Energiae Solaris Sinica. 2026, 47(1): 98-105 https://doi.org/10.19912/j.0254-0096.tynxb.2024-1540

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