NONLINEAR DYNAMIC RESPONSE ANALYSIS OF LARGE HYBRID TOWER WIND TURBINES

Xu Jun, Wang Dan, He Zeyu, Tang Weiwei, He Guangling, Wu Qiang

Acta Energiae Solaris Sinica ›› 2026, Vol. 47 ›› Issue (2) : 508-516.

PDF(1658 KB)
Welcome to visit Acta Energiae Solaris Sinica, Today is
PDF(1658 KB)
Acta Energiae Solaris Sinica ›› 2026, Vol. 47 ›› Issue (2) : 508-516. DOI: 10.19912/j.0254-0096.tynxb.2024-1794

NONLINEAR DYNAMIC RESPONSE ANALYSIS OF LARGE HYBRID TOWER WIND TURBINES

  • Xu Jun1, Wang Dan1, He Zeyu1, Tang Weiwei1, He Guangling2, Wu Qiang2
Author information +
History +

Abstract

This study focuses on a large hybrid tower wind turbine with a hub height of 160 m. Using a subsystem integrated simulation strategy, comprehensive research on its nonlinear dynamic response is conducted with the aid of Simpack, Matlab/Simulink, and OpenSees software platforms. Initially, a multibody dynamic model of the rotor-nacelle subsystem is established, followed by nonlinear finite element modeling of the hybrid tower subsystem, with special consideration given to the coupling effects of aerodynamic loads. An integrated dynamic simulation model is developed using a client-server architecture combined with TCP/IP communication technology, and its correctness is verified. The study further investigates the influence of material nonlinearity and P-Δ effects on the dynamic response. By comparing displacement and stress calculation results, it is demonstrated that nonlinear characteristics have a mon-negligible impact on the dynamic response of large hybrid tower wind turbines, and such effects should be carefully considered in numerical simulations.

Key words

dynamics / finite element method / wind turbines / concrete-steel hybrid towers / co-simulation / client-server

Cite this article

Download Citations
Xu Jun, Wang Dan, He Zeyu, Tang Weiwei, He Guangling, Wu Qiang. NONLINEAR DYNAMIC RESPONSE ANALYSIS OF LARGE HYBRID TOWER WIND TURBINES[J]. Acta Energiae Solaris Sinica. 2026, 47(2): 508-516 https://doi.org/10.19912/j.0254-0096.tynxb.2024-1794

References

[1] 张栋梁, 汤群益, 李天昊, 等. 风载和地震波联合作用下风电机组钢混组合式塔架响应控制研究[J]. 振动与冲击, 2022, 41(23): 190-200.
ZHANG D L, TANG Q Y, LI T H, et al.Response control of steel-concrete composite tower of wind turbine under combined action of wind load and seismic wave[J]. Journal of vibration and shock, 2022, 41(23): 190-200.
[2] HANSEN M O L. Aerodynamics of wind turbines[M]. Third edition. New York: Routledge, 2015.
[3] 陶涛, 龙凯, 白欣鉴, 等. 风电机组高柔塔二阶涡激振动特性研究[J]. 太阳能学报, 2022, 43(2): 498-503.
TAO T, LONG K, BAI X J, et al.Study on second-order vortex-induced vibration characteristic of high-flexible towers of wind turbines[J]. Acta energiae solaris sinica, 2022, 43(2): 498-503.
[4] 师振贵, 王云超, 黄赐荣, 等. 干式连接装配式风电混塔非线性特征研究[J]. 太阳能学报, 2024, 45(6): 564-571.
SHI Z G, WANG Y C, HUANG C R, et al.Research on nonlinear characteristics of dry-connected prefabricated wind turbine hybrid tower[J]. Acta energiae solaris sinica, 2024, 45(6): 564-571.
[5] 陈俊岭, 高洁, 赵邦州, 等. 风电机组钢塔架与钢-混凝土组合塔架动力响应对比分析[J]. 太阳能学报, 2023, 44(3): 225-231.
CHEN J L, GAO J, ZHAO B Z, et al.Comprehensive analysis of dynamic response of steel and steel-concrete combined wind turbine towers[J]. Acta energiae solaris sinica, 2023, 44(3): 225-231.
[6] 王丹, 徐军, 贺广零, 等. 风电机组混凝土-钢混合塔筒技术现状与发展趋势[J]. 土木与环境工程学报(中英文), 2025, 47(6): 151-167.
WANG D, XU J, HE G L, et al.Technology status and development trends of concrete-steel hybrid towers for wind turbines[J]. Journal of civil and environmental Engineering, 2025, 47(6): 151-167.
[7] 杜静, 杨瑞伟, 李东坡, 等. MW级风电机组钢筋混凝土塔筒稳定性分析[J]. 太阳能学报, 2021, 42(3): 9-14.
DU J, YANG R W, LI D P, et al.Stability analysis of reinforced concrete tower of MW grade wind turbine[J]. Acta energiae solaris sinica, 2021, 42(3): 9-14.
[8] 陈逸杰, 张艳江, 林成欢, 等. 风电预应力混凝土-钢混合塔架设计优化研究[J]. 太阳能学报, 2021, 42(3): 121-127.
CHEN Y J, ZHANG Y J, LIN C H, et al.Optimization and analysis on prestressed concrete-steel hybrid wind turbine tower[J]. Acta energiae solaris sinica, 2021, 42(3): 121-127.
[9] 戴靠山, 王英, 黄益超, 等. 风力发电塔结构抗风抗震、健康监测和振动控制研究综述[J]. 特种结构, 2015, 32(3): 91-100.
DAI K S, WANG Y, HUANG Y C, et al.Summarization of wind and earthquake resistances, structural health monitoring and vibration control of wind turbine towers[J]. Special structures, 2015, 32(3): 91-100.
[10] MA H, ZHANG D.Seismic response of a prestressed concrete wind turbine tower[J]. International journal of civil engineering, 2016, 14(8): 561-571.
[11] LI Z Y, CHEN H B, XU B, et al.Hybrid wind turbine towers optimization with a parallel updated particle swarm algorithm[J]. Applied sciences, 2021, 11(18): 8683.
[12] CHEN J L, LI J W, WANG D W, et al.Seismic response analysis of steel-concrete hybrid wind turbine tower[J]. Journal of vibration and control, 2022, 28(17/18): 2240-2253.
[13] HANSEN M O L, SØRENSEN J N, VOUTSINAS S, et al. State of the art in wind turbine aerodynamics and aeroelasticity[J]. Progress in aerospace sciences, 2006, 42(4): 285-330.
[14] 赵萍, 高首聪, 卜继玲, 等. 大型风力发电机组动力学[M]. 北京: 科学出版社, 2017.
ZHAO P, GAO S C, BU J L, et al.Dynamics of large wind turbines[M]. Beijing: Science Press, 2017.
[15] 宋玉鹏. 大型海上浮式风力发电机组结构整体动力学建模与可靠性分析[D]. 上海: 同济大学, 2021.
SONG Y P.Integrated dynamic modeling and reliability analysis of large floating offshore wind turbines[D]. Shanghai: Tongji University, 2021.
[16] HØEG C E, ZHANG Z L. Reaction loads analysis of floating offshore wind turbines: methods and applications in the modal-based modeling framework[J]. Ocean engineering, 2022, 266: 112952.
[17] 陈俊岭, 王大伟, 冯又全. 钢-混凝土组合式风力发电塔架地震响应分析[J]. 太阳能学报, 2022, 43(3): 396-404.
CHEN J L, WANG D W, FENG Y Q.Seismic response analysis of steel-concrete hybrid wind turbine tower[J]. Acta energiae solaris sinica, 2022, 43(3): 396-404.
[18] KENNA A.The response and optimisation of hybrid wind turbine towers[D]. Dublin: Trinity College Dublin, 2019.
[19] 陈建兵, 孙涛, 黄凯, 等. 大型海上风力发电高塔系统一体化分析建模研究[J]. 动力学与控制学报, 2017, 15(3): 268-278.
CHEN J B, SUN T, HUANG K, et al.Study on integrated numerical modeling of offshore wind turbine tower systems[J]. Journal of dynamics and control, 2017, 15(3): 268-278.
[20] 石世刚. 单桩式海上风力机动力特性与地震响应分析[D]. 北京: 北京工业大学, 2022.
SHI S G.Structural properties and seismic response of monopile offshore wind turbine[D]. Beijing: Beijing University of Technology, 2022.
[21] ADHIKARI S, BHATTACHARYA S.Dynamic analysis of wind turbine towers on flexible foundations[J]. Shock and vibration, 2012, 19(1): 37-56.
[22] CAO Y, WU N Y, YANG J G, et al.Effect of scour on the fatigue life of offshore wind turbines and its prevention through passive structural control[J]. Wind energy science, 2024, 9(5): 1089-1104.
[23] LAVASSAS I, NIKOLAIDIS G, ZERVAS P, et al.Analysis and design of the prototype of a steel 1-MW wind turbine tower[J]. Engineering structures, 2003, 25(8): 1097-1106.
[24] HARTE R, VAN ZIJL G P A G. Structural stability of concrete wind turbines and solar chimney towers exposed to dynamic wind action[J]. Journal of wind engineering and industrial aerodynamics, 2007, 95(9/10/11): 1079-1096.
[25] ASAREH M A, SCHONBERG W, VOLZ J.Fragility analysis of a 5-MW NREL wind turbine considering aero-elastic and seismic interaction using finite element method[J]. Finite elements in analysis and design, 2016, 120: 57-67.
[26] BOTZ M, EMIROGLU A, OSTERMINSKI K, et al.Monitoring and modeling of a wind turbine support structure to create a digital twin[J]. Beton- und Stahlbetonbau, 2020, 115(5): 342-354.
[27] PEIRET A, GONZÁLEZ F, KÖVECSES J, et al. Co-simulation of multibody systems with contact using reduced interface models[J]. Journal of computational and nonlinear dynamics, 2020, 15(4): 041001.
[28] KÜBLER R, SCHIEHLEN W. Modular simulation in multibody system dynamics[J]. Multibody system dynamics, 2000, 4: 107-127.
[29] CUI Z.A sub-modeling technique to balance force system boundary condition[J]. International journal of performability engineering, 2017, 13(3): 323-329.
[30] 何泽瑜. 大型混塔式风力机的建模与可靠度分析[D]. 长沙: 湖南大学, 2024.
HE Z Y.Modeling and reliability analysis of large-scale hybrid wind turbines[D]. Changsha: Hunan University, 2024.
[31] 李苍楠. 基于刚柔耦合联合仿真的高速铁路桥上无砟道岔动力学研究[D]. 北京: 北京交通大学, 2011.
LI C N.A study on dynamics of ballastless turnout on bridge of high-speed railway by co-simulation of rigid-flexible coupling system[D]. Beijing: Beijing Jiaotong University, 2011.
[32] LI Y L, XU X Y, ZHOU Y, et al.An interactive method for the analysis of the simulation of vehicle-bridge coupling vibration using ANSYS and SIMPACK[J]. Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, part F: journal of rail and rapid transit, 2018, 232(3): 663-679.
[33] TANG J Y, GUO W, WANG Y, et al.A co-simulation method for the train-track-bridge interaction analysis under earthquake using Simpack and OpenSees[J]. Journal of Central South University, 2022, 29(8): 2791-2806.
[34] JONKMAN J, BUTTERFIELD S, MUSIAL W, et al.Definition of a 5-MW reference wind turbine for offshore system development: NREL/TP-500-38060[R]. Golden: NREL, 2009.
[35] JONKMAN J, BUHL M.FAST user’s guide: NREL/TP-500-38230[R]. Golden: NREL, 2005.
[36] YIN X X, ZHANG W C, ZHAO X W.Current status and future prospects of continuously variable speed wind turbines: a systematic review[J]. Mechanical systems and signal processing, 2019, 120: 326-340.
[37] 李杰, 任晓丹. 混凝土静力与动力损伤本构模型研究进展述评[J]. 力学进展, 2010, 40(3): 284-297.
LI J, REN X D.A review on the constitutive model for static and dynamic damage of concrete[J]. Advances in mechanics, 2010, 40(3): 284-297.
[38] IEC. Wind energy generation systems - part 1:design requirements: IEC 61400-1[S]. Geneva: IEC, 2019.
[39] JONKMAN B J.TurbSim user’s guide: NREL/TP-500-46198[R]. Golden: NREL, 2014.
[40] DASSAULT SYSTÈMES.Simpack assistant[R]. 2021.
[41] BURTON T, JENKINS N, SHARPE D, et al.Wind energy handbook[M]. Second edition. Chichester: John Wiley & Sons, 2011.
[42] SCHWEIZER B, LI P, LU D.Explicit and implicit cosimulation methods: stability and convergence analysis for different solver coupling approaches[J]. Journal of computational and nonlinear dynamics, 2015, 10(5): 051007.
[43] SCHWEIZER B, LU D.Semi-implicit co-simulation approach for solver coupling[J]. Archive of applied mechanics, 2014, 84(12): 1739-1769.
[44] GU Q.Integrating OpenSees with other software - with application to coupling problems in civil engineering[J]. Structural engineering and mechanics, 2011, 40(1): 85-103.
[45] NREL. OpenFAST documentation: v3.0.0[R]. Golden: NREL, 2021.
PDF(1658 KB)

Accesses

Citation

Detail

Sections
Recommended

/