MECHANISM AND LAW OF VACUUM FAILURE HEAT TRANSFER IN INTERLAYER OF LIQUID HYDROGEN TANK

Liu Jinwu; Ji Ruyi; Ye Jianjun; Dong Qiaoying; He Yao; Shao Kaibin

doi:10.19912/j.0254-0096.tynxb.2024-1876

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Acta Energiae Solaris Sinica ›› 2026, Vol. 47 ›› Issue (2) : 782-789. DOI: 10.19912/j.0254-0096.tynxb.2024-1876

MECHANISM AND LAW OF VACUUM FAILURE HEAT TRANSFER IN INTERLAYER OF LIQUID HYDROGEN TANK

Liu Jinwu¹, Ji Ruyi², Ye Jianjun¹, Dong Qiaoying², He Yao¹, Shao Kaibin²

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Abstract

Taking a multi-layer insulation structure cryogenic liquid hydrogen tank as the research object, an equivalent heat transfer model of the insulation structure was constructed based on the Layer by Layer theory. The temperature distribution characteristics of each structure of the liquid hydrogen tank under different vacuum degrees were analyzed, revealing the mechanism of the influence of vacuum degree on the heat transfer characteristics of the liquid hydrogen tank. The correlation between vacuum failure conditions and temperature distribution laws was then established. The results show that the temperature of the head on both sides of the liquid hydrogen tank is higher than that of the central tank area. When the vacuum degree is 10^-2~1 Pa, the multi-layer insulation structure in the liquid hydrogen tank mainly relies on thermal radiation for heat transfer. When the vacuum degree of the interlayer gradually fails from 1 Pa to 10⁴ Pa, the heat conduction effect begins to manifest and gradually dominates the heat transfer, and the wall temperature of the outer tank will decrease from 291.34 K to 275.78 K. When the vacuum degree deteriorates from 10⁴ Pa to 10⁵ Pa, the number of gas molecules in the adiabatic structure increases, and the flow of high and low-temperature gas molecules in the vacuum layer intensifies, which significantly promotes the role of convection heat transfer in heat transfer, resulting in a temperature rise of about 4.01 K on the outer wall surface of the liquid hydrogen tank. The correlation between vacuum degree and temperature distribution will help to explore the impact of vacuum failure on the heat transfer mechanism and achieve vacuum monitoring for multi-layer insulated liquid hydrogen tanks.

Key words

vacuum / temperature distribution / heat transfer performance / liquid hydrogen tank / multi-layer insulation

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Liu Jinwu, Ji Ruyi, Ye Jianjun, Dong Qiaoying, He Yao, Shao Kaibin. MECHANISM AND LAW OF VACUUM FAILURE HEAT TRANSFER IN INTERLAYER OF LIQUID HYDROGEN TANK[J]. Acta Energiae Solaris Sinica. 2026, 47(2): 782-789 https://doi.org/10.19912/j.0254-0096.tynxb.2024-1876

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