This study investigates the adaptability and efficiency variations of two hydrogen production technologies, direct photoelectrocatalytic hydrogen production and indirect photovoltaic electrolysis hydrogen production, across diverse geographical regions, utilizing solar radiation data from various provinces. By systematically assessing key factors including annual radiation intensity, daylight duration, wavelength distribution, and diurnal variations, the study elucidates the impact of differing radiation conditions on hydrogen production efficiency. The performance of photoelectrocatalysts is contingent upon their absorption wavelength range. Significant variations in absorption efficiency across the spectrum are observed among different catalysts. TiO2 stands out for its stable hydrogen production capabilities, attributed to its environmental friendliness, high stability, and low cost, positioning it as the current predominant catalyst. A comparative analysis with CdS catalysts reveals that TiO2 necessitates modifications to broaden its absorption wavelength range, enhance reaction efficiency, and improve the utilization of visible light. Seasonal fluctuations in solar radiation influence the hydrogen production capabilities of photoelectrocatalysts. Hydrogen production reaches its zenith in summer and is at its nadir in winter. Optimizing the catalysts can bolster hydrogen production efficiency year-round. Photovoltaic hydrogen production consistently outperforms photoelectrocatalysis across all seasons, particularly in summer. Integrating photovoltaic and photoelectrocatalytic technologies can optimize solar energy utilization and mitigate seasonal variations. Regions in the west and south, notably areas such as Tibet, exhibit the highest solar radiation and hydrogen production potential. Future research should concentrate on refining photoelectrocatalysts and synergizing photovoltaic power generation with hydrogen production to achieve more efficient and cost-effective hydrogen energy production.
Key words
solar energy /
solar radiation /
photocatalysis /
photovoltaic technology /
hydrogen production
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