OPTIMIZATION OF OPERATION STRATEGY FOR POWER-TO-HYDROGEN SYSTEMS CONSIDERING IMPACT OF HYDROGEN PRICE INDEX

Meng Tao; Liu Hongpeng; Sun Yong; He Yongkang

doi:10.19912/j.0254-0096.tynxb.2025-0227

PDF(1575 KB)

Acta Energiae Solaris Sinica ›› 2026, Vol. 47 ›› Issue (6) : 616-627. DOI: 10.19912/j.0254-0096.tynxb.2025-0227

OPTIMIZATION OF OPERATION STRATEGY FOR POWER-TO-HYDROGEN SYSTEMS CONSIDERING IMPACT OF HYDROGEN PRICE INDEX

Meng Tao¹, Liu Hongpeng¹, Sun Yong², He Yongkang³

Author information +

History +

Abstract

This study proposes an operational optimization framework for power-to-hydrogen systems that explicitly incorporates the influence of hydrogen price dynamics. Firstly, a fuzzy set is constructed using historical price data to simulate hydrogen price volatility. Subsequently, a seasonal production intensity forecasting mechanism is developed to coordinate hydrogen price volatility with renewable energy variability. Building on this seasonal forecasting, a distributionaly robust optimization model is formulated for the operational scheduling of power-to-hydrogen systems. Case study results demonstrate that the proposed forecasting mechanism enables rational quarterly adjustments of production intensity, and its integration with the distributionaly robust optimization model effectively enhances renewable energy consumption while reducing daily operational costs.

Key words

renewable energy / hydrogen production / uncertainty analysis / distributed robust optimization / hydrogen price index / production intensity

Cite this article

EndNote

Ris (Procite)

Bibtex

Download Citations

Meng Tao, Liu Hongpeng, Sun Yong, He Yongkang. OPTIMIZATION OF OPERATION STRATEGY FOR POWER-TO-HYDROGEN SYSTEMS CONSIDERING IMPACT OF HYDROGEN PRICE INDEX[J]. Acta Energiae Solaris Sinica. 2026, 47(6): 616-627 https://doi.org/10.19912/j.0254-0096.tynxb.2025-0227

References

[1] 郜捷, 宋洁, 王剑晓, 等. 支撑中国能源安全的电氢耦合系统形态与关键技术[J]. 电力系统自动化, 2023, 47(19): 1-15.
GAO J, SONG J, WANG J X, et al.Form and key technologies of integrated electricity-hydrogen system supporting energy security in China[J]. Automation of electric power systems, 2023, 47(19): 1-15.
[2] 潘光胜, 顾钟凡, 罗恩博, 等. 新型电力系统背景下的电制氢技术分析与展望[J]. 电力系统自动化, 2023, 47(10): 1-13.
PAN G S, GU Z F, LUO E B, et al.Analysis and prospect of electrolytic hydrogen technology under background of new power systems[J]. Automation of electric power systems, 2023, 47(10): 1-13.
[3] 林今, 余志鹏, 张信真, 等. 可再生能源电制氢合成氨系统的并/离网运行方式与经济性分析[J]. 中国电机工程学报, 2024, 44(1): 117-126.
LIN J, YU Z P, ZHANG X Z, et al.On-grid/off-grid operation mode and economic analysis of renewable power to ammonia system[J]. Proceedings of the CSEE, 2024, 44(1): 117-126.
[4] 周步祥, 朱文聪, 朱杰, 等. 风光制氢合成氨系统的多时段可调度域分析[J]. 中国电机工程学报, 2024, 44(1): 160-173.
ZHOU B X, ZHU W C, ZHU J, et al.Multi-stage dispatchable region analysis of wind and solar power-based hydrogen production and ammonia synthesis system[J]. Proceedings of the CSEE, 2024, 44(1): 160-173.
[5] 林辉, 马强. 发展氢交易平台, 促进氢能产业高质量发展, 助力工业碳中和[J]. 智能制造, 2023(1): 22-24.
LIN H, MA Q.Develop hydrogen trading platform, promote the high-quality development of hydrogen energy industry and help industrial carbon neutrality[J]. Intelligent manufacturing, 2023(1): 22-24.
[6] 周舟. 中国氢价指数体系首批“长三角氢价格指数”发布[J]. 天然气与石油, 2022, 40(5): 43.
ZHOU Z.The first “Hydrogen Price Index for Yangtze River Delta” of China’s hydrogen price index system was released[J]. Natural gas and oil, 2022, 40(5): 43.
[7] 杜云飞, 沈欣炜, 郦洪柯, 等. 考虑微观选址的分布式海上风电制氢容量优化配置[J]. 电力系统自动化, 2024, 48(21): 61-70.
DU Y F, SHEN X W, LI H K, et al.Capacity optimal configuration of distributed offshore wind power to hydrogen considering micro-siting[J]. Automation of electric power systems, 2024, 48(21): 61-70.
[8] 杨紫娟, 田雪沁, 吴伟丽, 等. 考虑电解槽组合运行的风电-氢能-HCNG耦合网络容量优化配置[J]. 电力系统自动化, 2023, 47(12): 76-85.
YANG Z J, TIAN X Q, WU W L, et al.Optimal capacity configuration of wind-hydrogen-HCNG coupled network considering combined electrolyzer operation[J]. Automation of electric power systems, 2023, 47(12): 76-85.
[9] 安麒. 电氢联合市场定价机制与分解协调方法研究[D]. 北京: 华北电力大学, 2022.
AN Q.Pricing mechanism and decentralized coordination method for integrated electricity-hydrogen market[D]. Beijing: North China Electric Power University, 2022.
[10] 张鹏成, 徐箭, 柯德平, 等. 氢能驱动下钢铁园区能源系统优化配置[J]. 电力系统自动化, 2022, 46(14): 1-10.
ZHANG P C, XU J, KE D P, et al.Optimal configuration of energy system in iron and steel park driven by hydrogen energy[J]. Automation of electric power systems, 2022, 46(14): 1-10.
[11] GU Z F, PAN G S, GU W, et al.Robust optimization of scale and revenue for integrated power-to-hydrogen systems within energy, ancillary services, and hydrogen markets[J]. IEEE transactions on power systems, 2024, 39(3): 5008-5023.
[12] 王波, 王蔚, 马恒瑞, 等. 基于Wasserstein两阶段分布鲁棒的多主体多能微网合作博弈优化调度[J]. 电工技术学报, 2025, 40(17): 5553-5570.
WANG B, WANG W, MA H R, et al.Multi-agent multi-energy microgrid cooperative game scheduling based on Wasserstein two stage robust optimization[J]. Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society, 2025, 40(17): 5553-5570.
[13] ZHONG J J, ZHAO Y R, LI Y, et al.Synergistic operation framework for the energy hub merging stochastic distributionally robust chance-constrained optimization and Stackelberg game[J]. IEEE transactions on smart grid, 2025, 16(2): 1037-1050.
[14] 仝子涵, 任洲洋, 吴建中, 等. 考虑HFCV加氢不确定性的电-氢-交通系统多主体博弈运行[J]. 电力系统自动化, 2025, 49(2): 154-164.
TONG Z H, REN Z Y, WU J Z, et al.Multi-agent game operation of electricity-hydrogen-transportation system considering hydrogen refueling uncertainty of hydrogen fuel cell vehicles[J]. Automation of electric power systems, 2025, 49(2): 154-164.
[15] 符杨, 宋妍霖, 邓莉荣, 等. 内嵌新能源不确定性的综合能源市场机制设计[J]. 电网技术, 2025, 49(5):1848-1858.
FU Y, SONG Y L, DENG L R, et al.Mechanism design for integrated energy market considering renewable energy uncertainties[J]. Power system technology, 2025, 49(5):1848-1858.
[16] CHEN B R, LIU T Q, LIU X, et al.A Wasserstein distance-based distributionally robust chance-constrained clustered generation expansion planning considering flexible resource investments[J]. IEEE transactions on power systems, 2023, 38(6): 5635-5647.
[17] 张智泉, 陈晓杰, 符杨, 等. 含海上风电制氢的综合能源系统分布鲁棒低碳优化运行[J]. 电网技术, 2025, 49(1): 41-51.
ZHANG Z Q, CHEN X J, FU Y, et al.Distributionally robust low-carbon optimal operation for integrated energy system including hydrogen production from offshore wind power[J]. Power system technology, 2025, 49(1): 41-51.
[18] SABERI H, ZHANG C, DONG Z Y.Capacity of virtual energy storage system for frequency regulation services via a data-driven distributionally robust optimization method[J]. IEEE transactions on power systems, 2023, 38(3): 2134-2147.
[19] LI J K, XU Z Y, LIU H, et al.A Wasserstein distributionally robust planning model for renewable sources and energy storage systems under multiple uncertainties[J]. IEEE transactions on sustainable energy, 2023, 14(3): 1346-1356.
[20] ZHOU H, MAO Z H, GAO Y, et al.Renewable energy scenario generation method based on order-preserving Wasserstein distance[C]//2022 IEEE/IAS Industrial and Commercial Power System Asia (I&CPS Asia). Shanghai, China, 2022: 1754-1759.
[21] 李兆泽, 张继红, 游国栋, 等. 基于源荷两侧不确定的虚拟电厂灵活性调整建模及调度策略[J]. 电网技术, 2025, 49(7): 2799-2808.
LI Z Z, ZHANG J H, YOU G D, et al.Modeling and scheduling strategies for flexibility adjustment in virtual power plants considering source and load uncertainties[J]. Power system technology, 2025, 49(7): 2799-2808.
[22] 董雁楠, 李相俊, 韩子娇, 等. 考虑效率优化的电制氢(P2H)多机集群系统调度运行框架[J]. 高电压技术, 2024, 50(12): 5539-5551.
DONG Y N, LI X J, HAN Z J, et al.Dispatch operation framework for multi-electrolysis cells power to hydrogen (P2H) cluster system considering of efficiency optimization[J]. High voltage engineering, 2024, 50(12): 5539-5551.
[23] 王爽, 秦安琪, 陈贻威, 等. 考虑源荷不确定性和氢能多元产用的含氢综合能源系统优化调度[J]. 浙江电力, 2026, 45(2): 47-59.
WANG S, QIN A Q, CHEN Y W, et al.Optimal scheduling of hydrogen-integrated energy systems considering source-load uncertainty and diversified hydrogen production and utilization[J]. Zhejiang electric power, 2026, 45(2): 47-59.
[24] 叶雨润, 方家琨, 刘文昕, 等. 考虑电制氢系统设备压力耦合的多电解槽协同控制方法[J]. 电力系统自动化, 2026, 50(7): 63-80.
YE Y R, FANG J K, LIU W X, et al.Coordinated control strategy for multiple electrolyzers considering operating pressure coupling between devices in power-to-hydrogen system[J]. Automation of electric power systems, 2026, 50(7): 63-80.
[25] 张磊, 樊圳茜, 叶婧, 等. 含海上风电制氢的沿海能源系统两阶段鲁棒优化调度[J/OL]. 电力系统自动化, 1-21[2026-03-30]. https://link.cnki.net/urlid/32.1180.TP.20260228.0934.002.
ZHANG L, FAN Z Q, YE J, et al. Two-stage robust optimal scheduling of coastal energy systems with offshore wind power-to-hydrogen[J/OL]. Automation of electric power systems, 1-21[2026-03-30]. https://link.cnki.net/urlid/32.1180.TP.20260228.0934.002.
[26] 师旭露, 邢海军, 汪航, 等. 基于机会约束的风光制氢合成氨系统低碳优化调度[J]. 高电压技术, 2025, 51(12): 6073-6084.
SHI X L, XING H J, WANG H, et al.Low-carbon dispatch of wind and solar power-based hydrogen production and ammonia synthesis system based on chance constraints[J]. High Voltage Engineering, 2025, 51(12): 6073-6084.
[27] 邱一苇, 孙清洁, 吴晨旭, 等. 计及风功率不确定性的离网风储制氢日内实时双层有功平衡优化控制[J]. 电网技术, 2025, 49(1): 52-62.
QIU Y W, SUN Q J, WU C X, et al.Optimized bi-level control for day-ahead and real-time active power balancing of an off-grid wind power-to-hydrogen system with ESS considering wind power uncertainty[J]. Power system technology, 2025, 49(1): 52-62.
[28] LONG X X, LI Y Z, LI Y, et al.Collaborative response of data center coupled with hydrogen storage system for renewable energy absorption[J]. IEEE transactions on sustainable energy, 2024, 15(2): 986-1000.
[29] 李思颖, 易俊, 林伟芳. 质子交换膜电制氢负荷协同储能参与电力系统调峰能力评估[J]. 电网技术, 2025, 49(2): 552-561.
LI S Y, YI J, LIN W F.Proton exchange membrane hydrogen production load collaborates with energy storage to participate in the evaluation of peak load balancing capacity of power system[J]. Power system technology, 2025, 49(2): 552-561.
[30] 时帅,吴伟聪,李媛媛,等.计及极端天气和海上风电制氢的综合能源系统优化运行[J].电网技术,2025,49(6): 2293-2301.
SHI S, WU W C, LI Y Y, et al.Optimal operation of comprehensive energy system considering extreme weather and offshore wind power hydrogen production[J]. Power system technology, 2025, 49(6): 2293-2301.
[31] 李冠儒, 孙亮, 罗瑞, 等. 考虑能量梯级利用的风氢综合能源系统多目标优化配置[J]. 电力建设, 2024, 45(10): 1-12.
LI G R, SUN L, LUO R, et al.Multi-objective optimization of wind-hydrogen integrated energy systems with energy cascade utilization[J]. Electric power construction, 2024, 45(10): 1-12.
[32] 陈胜, 陈明健, 卫志农, 等. 考虑下游氢负荷的氢-电耦合配电网容量规划[J]. 电力自动化设备, 2024, 44(12): 155-161, 203.
CHEN S, CHEN M J, WEI Z N, et al.Capacity planning of hydrogen-electricity coupling distribution network considering downstream hydrogen load[J]. Electric power automation equipment, 2024, 44(12): 155-161, 203.
[33] 艾洪宇, 王洪涛. 多直流馈入受端系统负荷恢复分布鲁棒优化[J]. 电力系统保护与控制, 2022, 50(9): 24-33.
AI H Y, WANG H T.Distributionally robust optimization of load recovery for a multi-infeed HVDC receiving end system[J]. Power system protection and control, 2022, 50(9): 24-33.
[34] 陈胜, 陈明健, 卫志农, 等. 面向灵活性挖掘的电-氢混联综合能源系统机组组合研究[J]. 电网技术, 2024, 48(11): 4473-4481.
CHEN S, CHEN M J, WEI Z N, et al.Unit commitment model of electric-hydrogen integrated energy systems for flexibility enhancement[J]. Power system technology, 2024, 48(11): 4473-4481.
[35] 刘昕明, 王海云. 基于Wasserstein距离分布鲁棒的电解铝负荷协同火储深度调峰方法研究[J]. 热力发电, 2024, 53(8): 152-162.
LIU X M, WANG H Y.Deep peak shaving method of electrolytic aluminum load cooperating with thermal power and energy storage system based on Wasserstein distance distribution robust[J]. Thermal power generation, 2024, 53(8): 152-162.