COOPERATIVE GAME-BASED MULTI-MICROGRID HYBRID ENERGY STORAGE OPTIMIZATION AND COST ALLOCATION

Dong Fugui; Liu Jinyi; Wang Peijun

doi:10.19912/j.0254-0096.tynxb.2025-0282

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Acta Energiae Solaris Sinica ›› 2026, Vol. 47 ›› Issue (7) : 619-631. DOI: 10.19912/j.0254-0096.tynxb.2025-0282

COOPERATIVE GAME-BASED MULTI-MICROGRID HYBRID ENERGY STORAGE OPTIMIZATION AND COST ALLOCATION

Dong Fugui, Liu Jinyi, Wang Peijun

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Abstract

To address the impacts of renewable energy output uncertainty on the economic operation of multi-micro energy grids （MMEGs）, this study proposes a collaborative optimization method for shared energy storage in MMEGs by integrating bi-level programming with an enhanced cooperative game theory. Based on a time-of-use electricity price mechanism, a bi-level collaborative planning framework for electro-thermal hybrid energy storage systems in MMEGs is established： The upper-level model optimizes energy storage capacity allocation by minimizing investment and operational costs, while the lower-level model coordinates electricity-heat energy dispatch across MMEGs to refine charging/discharging strategies. To overcome the limitations of traditional cost allocation methods, a tri-dimensional contribution degree encompassing economic, environmental, and energy efficiency attributes is innovatively developed, establishing an allocation mechanism based on an improved Shapley value method. The disruption propensity index is employed to evaluate the satisfaction of individual microgrids, thereby verifying the fairness of the cost-sharing scheme. Simulation results demonstrate that the proposed approach reduces the total system operational cost by 4.6% and decreases carbon emission intensity by 3.04% compared to independent energy storage configurations. The allocation scheme derived from the improved Shapley value method yields defection propensity indices below 0.8 for all microgrids, confirming the equity and effectiveness of the cost distribution.

Key words

microgrids / energy storage / optimization / cooperative game / cost allocation / disruption propensity index

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Dong Fugui, Liu Jinyi, Wang Peijun. COOPERATIVE GAME-BASED MULTI-MICROGRID HYBRID ENERGY STORAGE OPTIMIZATION AND COST ALLOCATION[J]. Acta Energiae Solaris Sinica. 2026, 47(7): 619-631 https://doi.org/10.19912/j.0254-0096.tynxb.2025-0282

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